DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.183.2022.26-37

In this paper, an attempt is made to develop a mathematical model of population growth, based on socio-economic factors of the development of the countries’ community, as well as population migration. The author presents intermediate results of his review where he studies economic community, characterized by a very uneven development of regions. Mathematical model is proposed in which a conditional “center” and “periphery” (“global city” and “world village”) are distinguished. From the analysis of the existing socio-economic conditions of development it follows that “periphery” traditionally acts as a demographic donor for the “center”. Examples of such systems include, in particular, relations of the EU-Baltic republics, the EU-Ukraine, and Russia–EAEU countries. As an explanatory principle, it is proposed to use the concept of “institutional trap”. From the mathematical model point of view, this means rigidly fixed coefficients of connection between the system elements implementing one-way connection (toward the “center”). Possible mechanisms, influencing the dynamics of the system through adopting appropriate managerial decisions, are discussed. Obtained results prove the importance of adequate mathematical models for optimizing the strategic management of society.

Источники:

1. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 1 dekabrya 2016 g. N 642 “O Strategii nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [Executive Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2016 No. 642 “On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”]. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41449.

2. Complex Systems and Society — Modeling and Simulation. Springer, 2013, available at:  https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4614-7242-1.

3. Solozhentsev E.D. Tsifrovoe upravlenie gosudarstvom i ekonomikoi [Digital Management of the State and Economy]. Upravlenie i planirovanie v ekonomike, 2018, no 1(17), pp. 136–153.

4. Federal’nyi zakon ot 28 iyunya 2014 g. N 172-FZ “O strategicheskom planirovanii v Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”]. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/38630.

5. Eberlin M. Foresight: How the Chemistry of Life Reveals Planning and Purpose. Discovery Institute, 2019.

6. Gaponenko N.V. Forsait. Teoriya. Metodologiya. Opyt [Foresight. Theory. Methodology. Experience]. Monografiya. Moscow, Yuniti — Danab, 2008, 239 p.

7. Unido Technology Foresight Manual. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna, 2005, vol. 1, p. 8.

8. Pereslegin S.B. Budushchee kak proekt: krizis futurologii [The Future as a Project: Crisis of Futurology]. Intellekt, voobrazhenie, intuitsiya: razmyshleniya o gorizontakh soznaniya (metafizicheskii i psikhologicheskii opyt). Saint-Petersburg, 2001, no 10.

DOI: 10.33917/es-3.183.2022.16-25

In modern economic thinking, there is an unclear division of the population into rich, poor and middle class. This structuring originated in the time of Euripides and Aristotle. However, there is still no general method for determining the parameters of the middle class, although the dynamics of growth and development of national economies significantly depends on it. The author proposes to stratify the population by the criterion of GDP per capita, calculated by purchasing power parity. At the same time, the author determines the parameters of the avant-garde, middle and rear-guard strata of the nation on the route of economic development using the proposed development gamma scale.

Источники:

1. Global Wealth Report 2015, Credit Suisse: Table 1. Middle-class share of all adults. Credit Suisse. P. 32. URL: global-wealth-report-2015.pdf.

2. Putin V.V. O srednem klasse i dokhodakh naseleniya: Interv’yu TASS. 18 marta 2020 g. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, available at: http://www.kremlin.runts/president/news/63007.

3. Ponomarev V. Antropologicheskaya politekonomiya: kontseptsiya teorii samorazvitiya [Anthropological Political Economy: the Concept of Self-Development Theory]. Saarbryuken, LAP, 2013, 60 p.

4. Ponomarev V.P. Polimorfnaya gamma-shkala razvitiya geoekonomiki [Polymorphic Gamma-Scale of Economic Development]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2022, no 1, pp. 106–111, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-1.181.2022.106-111.

5. Evripid. Umolyayushchie: Tragedii [Pleading: Tragedies]. Vol. 1. Literaturnye pamyatniki [Literary memorials]. Moscow, Nauka, Ladomir, 1999.

6. Rossiiskii statisticheskii ezhegodnik. 2019 [Russian Statistical Yearbook. 2019]. Moscow, Rosstat, 2019, p. 163.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.183.2022.5

DOI: 110.33917/mic-2.103.2022.98-103

The article deals with the conceptual provisions of Russia’s economic security. The authors analyzed the existing approaches to the definition of the concept of «economic security». It is concluded that social, technogenic, informational and other processes directly affect the provision of economic security of the state. On the example of the situation in Russia, the main areas are identified, the impact on which with the help of economic instruments can cause significant damage to security in the context of the problems of «economic stability» at the national and regional levels. An assessment of the key threats to the economic security of the Russian Federation is given.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.103.2022.91-97

Economic security is a complex system, since it includes all aspects of management aimed at preventing crises and bankruptcies, as well as other negative phenomena that affect the stability of the state of any economic entity. At the same time, a significant role of economic security belongs to state institutions, which, like commercial ones, conduct their activities in the conditions of instability of the external environment. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the features of economic security in state institutions, examines the tools that ensure it, identifies the areas of security and their impact on the functioning of modern state institutions. It is concluded that public institutions need to effectively build the system under consideration, which includes personnel, financial, resource and information components.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.103.2022.85-90

The scientific article summarizes the types, stages of the life cycle and the constituent elements of a tourist destination according to the R. Prossera method; the author’s definition of a tourist destination is given. A rating assessment of the indicator of the tourist destination of the Republic of Tatarstan was made on the basis of the points of dislocation of the centers of the tourist destination.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.103.2022.75-84

The article identifies negative factors affecting the economic state and development of electricity industry in Murmansk Oblast cities and towns and provides a rationale for smart systems of energy consumption management based on digitalisation of the metering process. In particular, the high demand for and the scarcity and inefficient use of energy in the Arctic have laid the groundwork for the Smart House Project within the National Projects for Housing and Urban Environment and Digital Economy. Key results of the project include a reduction in consumer debt for energy, reduced costs of reading and processing data from electricity meters, increased efficiency of enforcing energy consumption restrictions, increased economic efficiency of the sector, and safety for people living in residential houses.

References:

1. On functioning of retail electricity markets and full and (or) partial restriction of power consumption. Decree of the RF Government of 4 May 2012 №442 (ver. of 29.12.2020). Collected Laws of the Russian Federation. 07.01.2013 №1. Art. 45.

2.  On amendments in Russian Federation legal acts due to development of electricity (power) metering systems in the Russian Federation. Federal Law 522-FZ of 27 December 2018. Collected Laws of the Russian Federation. 31.12.2018 №53 (Part I). Art. 8448.

3. National Project Data Sheet: Housing and Urban Environment (2018). approved by the Board of the Council for Strategic Development and National Projects attached to the RF President. Protocol of 24.12.2018 №16. Official website for legal information. URL: https://base.garant.ru/72190282/

4.  National Project Data Sheet: National Programme for a Digital Economy in the Russian Federation.  Аpproved by the Board of the Council for Strategic Development and National Projects attached to the RF President. Protocol of 04.06.2019 №7. Official website for legal information. URL: https://base.garant.ru/72190282/

5. Bodrunov S., Demidenko D., Plotnikov V. Reindustrialization and the formation of the «Digital economy»: harmonization of trends through the process of innovative development // Managerial consulting. 2018;2 (110):43-54. (In Russ.).

6. Bodrunov S., Plotnikov V., Vertakova, Y. Technological Development as a Factor of Ensuring the National Security // Proceedings of the 30th International Business Information Management Association Conference — Vision 2020: Sustainable Economic development, Innovation Management, and Global Growth. Madrid. 2018. 8-9 November. pp.66-74.

7. Kelchevskaya N., Shirinkina E. Regional determinants of effective use of human capital in the digital economy // Economy of Region.2019;15(2):465-482. (In Russ.).

8.  Skotarenko O., Babkin A., Bespalova S., Senetskaya L. Tools for digitalization of economic processes for supporting management decision-making in the region, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 302 (1). 6 August. kod 012147

9. Frolov D., Lavrentyeva A. Цифровая экономика как объект регулирования: взгляд институциональной теории // Economic analysis: theory and practice. 2019;15(4)33-44. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.103.2022.65-74

The article defines the purpose of the study, which is to identify the most pressing problems of digital transformation at the regional level. A brief description of the digital transformation strategies of several subjects of the Russian Federation, differing in the level of socio-economic development, is presented. The authors also present a comparative analysis of the regions in six mandatory areas of digitalization. It is concluded that it is necessary to create an appropriate infrastructure, including new models of interaction between business, scientific organizations, authorities and, as a result, the formation of a high level of public confidence in the reliability and security of digital infrastructure.

References:

1. Voronina E.V., Ushakova E.V., Fugalevich E.V. Digital transformation of the activities of regional authorities as a form of crisis mitigation // Creative Economy. 2022;16(1):37. (In Russ.). doi: 10.18334/ce.16.1.114146

2. Dobrolyubova E.I., Yuzhakov V.N., Efremov A.A., Klochkova E.N., Talapina E.V., Startsev Ya.Yu. Digital future of public administration based on results.  M.: Publishing house «Delo» RANEPA, 2019.  pp. 37-38. (In Russ.).

3.  Pechatkin V.V., Vildanova L.M. The level of digitalization of types of economic activity as a factor of their competitiveness in a pandemic // Issues of innovative economics.  2021;11(1):48. (In Russ.).

4.  On the Strategy for the Development of the Information Society in the Russian Federation for 2017-2030: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation. URL: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41919

5.  Strategy in the field of digital transformation of the sectors of the economy, social sphere and public administration of St. Petersburg: approved at an expanded meeting of the Presidium of the Council for Strategic Development and Project Activities in St. Petersburg, protocol No. 6 of 25.08.2021. URL: https://digital.gov.ru/uploaded/files/protokolrasshirennogozasedaniyasoveta25082021.pdf

6. Strategy in the field of digital transformation of the sectors of the economy, social sphere and public administration of the Republic of Tatarstan: approved by the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Tatarstan dated August 18, 2021, No. 748. URL: https://pravo.tatarstan.ru/rus/file/npa/2021-08/828959/npa_828960.pdf

7. Strategy in the field of digital transformation of the sectors of the economy, social sphere and public administration of the Kurgan region: approved by the Order of the Government of the Kurgan region of August 19, 2021, No. 161-r. URL: //digital.gov.ru/uploaded/files/d45494549.pdf

8. Strategy in the field of digital transformation of the sectors of the economy, social sphere and public administration of the Oryol region: approved by the Order of the Governor of the Oryol region dated August 20, 2021, No. 54-r. URL: http://www.consultant.ru/regbase/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=RLAW127;n=77576#uaYyXwSTwaUqy3rJ

9. Strategy in the field of digital transformation of sectors of the economy, social sphere and public administration of the Republic of Kalmykia for the period 2022-2024: approved by the Decree of the Republic of Kalmykia dated August 16, 2021, No. 36. URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0800202108170002

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.103.2022.58-64

The article considers the issue of forming the optimal structure of assets of manufacturing enterprises according to the goals of their owners. An original approach is proposed to optimize the structure of the company’s assets according to the criterion of maximizing their effectiveness for owners through the enterprise capitalization indicator.

To link the indicators of capitalization and profit from the existing assets of manufacturing enterprises of the manufacturing industry, the authors propose to create a multiple regression model, where the independent variable is capitalization (profit), the dependent ones are indicators of specific assets.

After finding the contributions (regression coefficients) of each asset, we propose to form their structure according to the principle of a portfolio approach, in which the efficiency indicator of all assets will strive to the maximum and at the same time the specific features of the enterprise in each case will be taken into account [10].

References:

1. Azrilinyan A.N. Big Economic Dictionary. M.: Institute of New Economics, 1997. (In Russ.).

2. Bezpalov V.V., Dorofeev A.Yu., Gorin D.S., Marien L.S. Designing stages of anti-crisis organizational engineering of agricultural enterprises within the universal management cycle. Journal of Applied Research. 2021;1(4):22-35. (In Russ.).

3. Blazhevich O.G. Turnover indicators and their significance for assessing the efficiency of asset use // Scientific Bulletin: Finance, Banks, Investments. 2018;4 (45):31-38. (In Russ.).

4. Brigham Yu., Erhardt M. Financial management: St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009. (In Russ.).

5. Voloshchuk L.A., Tkachev S.I., Monina O.Yu. Statistics. Educational and practical manual: Saratov, 2016. (In Russ.).

6. Van Horn D., Vakhovich D. Fundamentals of Financial Management: M.: Dialectics, 2020. (In Russ.).

7. Dorofeev A.Yu., Filatov V.V., Medvedev V.M., Shestov A.V., Fadeev A.S. Methodology for calculating the discount rate using the capital asset valuation model. Online journal of Science Studies. 2015;7(2 (27)):18. (In Russ.).

8. Mukhidov R.H., Simonova V.A., Filatov V.V. Initial public offering of securities as a financial instrument of Russian corporations for attracting investments // Collection of scientific papers Actual issues of economics, commerce and service, Kosygin Russian State University, 2021. pp. 124-128. (In Russ.).

9. Samuelson P., Nordhaus U. Economics: M: Williams, 2018. (In Russ.).

10. Simonova V.A. Methods of optimization of technological assets of business processes of industrial enterprises // Transport business of Russia. 2010;5:68-71. (In Russ.).

11. Simonova V.A. Efficiency assessment and optimization of business processes of food industry enterprises // Economics, statistics and computer science. Bulletin of UMO. 2012;2:177-183. (In Russ.).

12. Simonova V.A., Tomm V.A. Normative values of financial coefficients as a basis for the formation of the balance sheet structure of industrial enterprises // Modern humanitarian studies. 2013;4 (53):29-34. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.103.2022.49-57

The article considers the diversification of production as a direction for the long-term strategic development of an enterprise/holding. It is proposed to model and evaluate the results of production diversification using dynamic programming methods and graph theory. The problem is to find the optimal control and optimal state for each stage, which are optimal for the whole process.