Analysis of foreign experience of activating innovative activities at various levels of economic management

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.87-93

The scientific article presents the advanced experience of leading foreign countries to activate innovation. It was established that mainly organizations for the development of innovation use direct and indirect support measures. The principles of activation and support of innovative activities in foreign countries are shown, the main tools for state stimulation and activation of innovation in foreign countries have been identified.

References:

1. Schneegans S., Straza T., Lewis J. UNESCO Science Report: the Race Against Time for Smarter Development. UNESCO Publishing: Paris, 2021. 758 p.

2. Kiselev V.N., Yakovleva M.V. Innovation vouchers – a new tool for supporting innovation activities. Innovations. 2012;4(162):38-42. (In Russ.).

3. Gretchenko A.A. International experience of state funds to support the intensification of scientific and innovative activities. Economics. Taxes. Right. 2007;1:15-26. (In Russ.).

4. Andryushchenko O.G., Zhang Yu. Foreign experience of state regulation and support of small innovative business enterprises. Current issues of social and economic development of the modern state. Collection of scientific articles based on the materials of the scientific and practical conference. South Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), 2014. pp. 45-51. (In Russ.).

5. Shmeleva L.A. Tools for supporting innovative activities of industrial enterprises in modern Russia. Management of economic systems: electronic scientific journal. 2014;12(72):33. (In Russ.).

6. Makasheva N.P. State support and financing of innovative activities in Russia and countries of the world. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Economy. 2013;3 (23):161-172. (In Russ.).

National Financial-Economic Development. Analysis of the Russian Federation Strategic Documents

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.192.2023.78-83

The author substantiates the need to reform the strategic planning system at the current stage of Russia’s development, which will allow our country to take a leading position in the world. Documentation related to the sphere of strategic planning of the Russian Federation is analyzed, recommendations are given for introducing changes to Russian legislation on issues of national socio-economic development.

References:

1. Zasedanie Soveta bezopasnosti, v khode kotorogo obsuzhdalis’ mery po sovershenstvovaniyu sistemy strategicheskogo planirovaniya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Meeting of the Security Council, During which Measures to Improve the Strategic Planning System in the Russian Federation were Discussed, 09/27/2021]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2021, 27 sentyabrya, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/copy/66777

2. Baza rekomendatsiy Schetnoy palaty Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Database of Recommendations of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Schetnoy palaty RF, available at: https://rec.ach.gov.ru

3. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Schetnoy palaty RF [Official website of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation], available at: https://rec.ach.gov.ru/analitika?j&paramCard=1

4. Dokumenty strategicheskogo planirovaniya [Strategic Planning Documents]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt gosudarstvennoy avtomatizirovannoy informatsionnoy sistemy “Upravlenie”, available at: https://gasu.gov.ru/stratdocuments

5. Gaynulin D.G., Voronin V.V., Panchikhina O.V., Pal’chikov E.A., Tyupyshev D.A. Sistema strategicheskogo planirovaniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii: riski i perspektivy [Strategic Planning System of the Russian Federation: Risks and Prospects]. Innovatsii, 2018, no 4(234), pp. 29–35.

Digital twin formation technology as a driver for the development of the digital economy

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.113.2023.71-75

The scientific article summarizes the theoretical concepts of a digital twin and classifies its main types in the digital economy. The principles of operation of digital twins are outlined using the example of the production process and modern marketplace.

References: 

1. Gubanova A.V. Digital transformation as a tool for developing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. Creative economy. 2020;6:17-18. (In Russ.).

2. Zhukovskaya I.V., Akaeva V.R., Kuzmin M.S. Current problems of digitalization of companies using the example of the industrial sector. Microeconomics. 2023;4:51-55. (In Russ.).

3. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of competitiveness of services: from theory to practice / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78. (In Russ.).

Organizing Strategic Management of Scientific and Technological Development

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.191.2023.72-77

In the context of growing technological gap between the Russian Federation and developed countries, restrictions on developing scientific research and innovation due to narrowing scientific cooperation opportunities, reduced access to world scientifictechnical achievements and scientific equipment, as well as low demand from public and business sectors of the economy for scientific, scientific-technical and innovative products, the role of strategic management in the sphere of scientific-technological development, aimed at increasing the role of science in reproductive processes, ensuring the optimal choice of priority areas in science, technology and engineering, concentration of existing scientific, technical and innovative potential for their implementation in a short term, is significantly increasing. The present article analyzes the current system of state strategic management of scientific-technological development, gives recommendations for its improvement with a focus on the final result of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities by ensuring the integrity and continuity of innovative processes.

References:

1. Nauka. Tekhnologii. Innovatsii: 2023: Kratkii statisticheskii sbornik [Science. Technologies. Innovations: 2023: Brief Statistical Compendium]. Moscow, NIU VShE, 2023, 102 p.

2. Mindeli L.E., Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P. Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie nauchno-tekhnicheskoi deyatel’nost’yu v Rossii: sostoyanie i perspektivy [State Management of Scientific and Technical Activities in Russia: Current State and Prospects]. Moscow, Institut problem razvitiya nauki RAN, 2018, 108 p.

3. Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P. O sovershenstvovanii modeli strategicheskogo upravleniya v sfere nauki i tekhnologii [On Improving the Strategic Management Model in the Field of Science and Technology]. Mikroekonomika, 2022, no 6, pp. 5–18.

4. Chereshnev V.A., Todosiichuk A.V. Nauka v Rossii: sostoyanie, problemy, perspektivy razvitiya [Science in Russia: State, Problems, Development Prospects]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2022, vol. 92, no 3, pp. 201–212.

5. Todosiichuk A.V. Usloviya i faktory nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo i innovatsionnogo razvitiya ekonomiki [Conditions and Factors of Scientific, Technological and

Innovative Development of the Economy]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2023, vol. 93, no 3, pp. 237–245.

6. Indikatory nauki: 2022: Statisticheskii sbornik [Science Indicators: 2022: Statistical Compendium]. Moscow, NIU VShE, 2022, 400 p.

7. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii. 2022 god [Socio-economic Situation in Russia. 2022]. Moscow, Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki, 2022, no 12, 340 p.

8. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii. 2023 god [Socio-economic Situation in Russia. 2023]. Moscow, Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki, 2023, no 5, 287 p.

9. Todosiichuk A.V. Upravlenie naukoi v nestatsionarnoi ekonomike [Management of Science in a Non-stationary Economy]. Naukovedcheskie issledovaniya, 2022, no 3, pp. 71–85.

Formation of innovative mechanisms of economic development of Russia

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.112.2023.5-15

In modern conditions, the economic development of the country should be based on an innovative basis, ensuring the transition to a new technical and technological level and import substitution of high-tech products. The article considers the organizational and economic mechanism for improving the technical and technological level of production of high-quality products and proposes an algorithm for its implementation, which provides for analysis and prompt decision-making in case of rejection or failure to achieve the decisions required at the moment, measures for the creation and release of innovative products. On the basis of the proposed mechanism, it is possible to take into account the directions of the organizational-institutional and technical-technological plan, which will increase the growth rates of industrial production and GDP of the Russian Federation.

References: 

1. Federal Law No. 127-FZ of August 23, 1996 «On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_11507/
2. Federal Law No. 39-FZ of February 25, 1999 «On Investment Activities in the Russian Federation Carried Out in the Form of Capital Investments». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_22142/
3. Federal Law No. 184-FZ of December 27, 2002 «On Technical Regulation». URL: // https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_40241/
4. Federal Law No. 156-FZ of November 29, 2001 «On Investment Funds». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_34237/
5. Forecast of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 (approved By the Government of the Russian Federation on January 3, 2014). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_157978/
6. Shepelev G.V. On the priorities of scientific and technological development. Management of science: theory and practice. 2020;2(3):16-36. (In Russ.).
7. Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P., Ostapyuk I.S. Approaches to choosing priorities in the scientific and technical sphere. Microeconomics. 2023;1:5-22.
https:doi.org/10.33917/mic-1.108.2023.5-22. (In Russ.).
8. Federal Law No. 70-FZ of April 7, 1999 «On the Status of the Science City of the Russian Federation». RL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_22630/
9. Federal Law No. 116-FZ of July 22, 2005 «On Special Economic Zones in the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_54599/
10. Federal Law No. 139-FZ of July 19, 2007 «On the Russian Nanotechnology Corporation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_69932/
11. Federal Law No. 244-FZ of September 28, 2010 «On the Skolkovo Innovation Center». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_105168/
12. Federal Law No. 216-FZ of July 29, 2017 (as amended on 12/28/2022) «On Innovative Scientific and Technological Centers and on Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_221172/
13. The Strategy of Innovative Development of the Russian Federation (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2227-r dated December 8, 2011). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_123444/
14. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 204 dated May 7, 2018 «On National goals and strategic objectives of the Development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_297432/
15. The Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation (approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 642 of December 1, 2016). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_207967/
16. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 1172 of November 16, 2012 «On the Powers of Federal executive authorities in the field of state support of innovation activities». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_137901/
17. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 773 dated June 15, 2019 «On criteria for Classifying goods, works, services as Innovative products and (or) High-tech products» (together with «Requirements for Criteria for Classifying goods, works, services as innovative products and (or) high-tech products, as well as the procedure for their establishment»). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_326971/
18. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2204 of December 22, 2020 «On Certain Issues of Implementing State Support for Innovation Activities, including through Venture and (or) Direct Financing of Innovative Projects, and Invalidation of the Act of the Government of the Russian Federation and a Separate Provision of the Act of the Government of the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_372290/
19. Federal Law No. 258-FZ of July 31, 2020 «On Experimental Legal Regimes in the Field of Digital innovations in the Russian Federation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_358738/
20. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 121 dated March 16, 2022 «On measures to ensure socio-economic stability and protection of the population in the Russian Federation». URL: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/47651
21. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 126 dated March 18, 2022 (ed. dated 11/23/2022) «On additional temporary economic measures to ensure the financial stability of the Russian Federation in the field of currency regulation». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_411944/
22. Federal Law No. 30-FZ of March 04, 2022 «On Amendments to the Federal Law “On Measures of Influence on Persons Involved in Violations of Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms, Rights and Freedoms of Citizens of the Russian Federation”». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_139994/
23. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 337 of March 10, 2022 «On Approval of the List of Industries in Which the Borrower Operates, Specified in Part 1 of Article 7 of the Federal Law “On Amendments to the Federal Law “On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia)” and Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation regarding the Specifics amendments to the terms of the loan agreement, the loan agreement” and on the invalidation of certain provisions of certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/document/0001202203110015?index=2
24. Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 296 dated March 06, 2022 «On Amendments to the Rules for the Selection of Organizations Included in the Sectoral Lists of System-forming Organizations of the Russian Economy». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru›Document…0001202203070003
25. Federal Law No. 46-FZ of March 08, 2022 «On Amendments to Certain Legislative Acts of the Russian Federation». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru›Document…0001202203080001
26. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 172 dated March 31, 2022 (ed. dated 12/30/2022) «On a special procedure for the fulfillment by foreign buyers of obligations to Russian natural gas suppliers». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_413296/
27. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 254 dated May 04, 2022 «On the temporary Procedure for fulfilling financial obligations in the field of corporate relations to Certain foreign creditors». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_416361/
28. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 430-r dated March 05, 2022 (ed. dated 10/29/2022) «On Approval of the List of Foreign States and Territories Committing Unfriendly Acts against the Russian Federation, Russian Legal Entities and Individuals». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_411064 /
29. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 95 dated May 05, 2022. «On the temporary procedure for fulfilling obligations to certain foreign creditors». URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/D ocument/View/00012022030500 6
30. Romashova Yu.A. Ways of cost reduction at enterprises in the oil and gas industry / Yu. A. Romashova, Yu. E. Akhmetshina, P. Yu. Companeets; scientific hand. O. V. Pozharnitskaya // Problems of geology and subsoil development: proceedings of the XX International Symposium named after Academician M. A. Usov students and young scientists dedicated to the 120th anniversary of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Foundation Day, Tomsk, April 4-8, 2016: at 2 t. Tomsk: TPU Publishing House, 2016. Vol. 2. pp. 1080-1081. URL: https://earchive.tpu.ru/handle/11683/32218
31. Pelmeneva A.A. Assessment of the impact of the quality of oil and gas equipment on the economic efficiency of the company. Quality management in the oil and gas complex (UKANG). 2013;3:23-26. (In Russ.).
32. Pelmeneva A.A., Fedorov S.A. Improving approaches to the evaluation of scientific and technical solutions in the oil and gas complex of the Russian Federation. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. VNIIOENG. 2017;12:45-53. (In Russ.).
33. Shabanova D.N., Nelina V.V. Modern trends in project quality management in the oil and gas industry. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2022;(210):18-24. DOI:10.33285/1999-6942-2022-6(210)-18-24.
34. Makarova E.D. Innovative projects of global transformation energy spaces. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2022;6 (210):12-17. DOI:10.33285/1999-6942-2022-6(210)-12-17.

Actual problems of digitalization of companies on the example of the industrial sector

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.111.2023.51-55

The concept of «digital twin» as a tool for building strategic planning for the industrial sector is generalized. The use of leadership «models» in strategic planning is substantiated, the stages of evolution and the stages of building a «digital twin» in production are reflected.

References: 

1. Andreev Yu.S., Tsarev M.V. Digital twins in industry: development history, classification, development scenarios. Economics and Management. St. Petersburg, 2019. pp. 45-46. (In Russ.).

2. Zhukovskaya I.V. Service market segmentation: problems, solutions. Microeconomics. 2021;2:32-37. (In Russ.).

3. Mineva O.K., Gubanova A.V. Digital transformation as a tool for developing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. Creative economy. 2020;6:17-18. (In Russ.).

4. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of the competitiveness of services: from theory to practice / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78. (In Russ.).

Innovative potential of the economy: approaches to assessment and formation

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.12-23

The paper examines the issue of determining the innovative potential of the economy at various levels of its organization – firms, branches of the macrosystem. The purpose of the study is to summarize the main methods for measuring and forming innovative potential, as the most important condition for measuring innovative development. The methodology consists of the theory of innovative and technological development, comparative analysis, methods for measuring innovative potential, generalizations and taxonomy. The general result of the analysis is the substantiation of the position that it is difficult to imagine the growth of the innovative potential of the economy outside the effective interaction of the production, scientific and technical and management systems. Methods for measuring innovative potential according to various criteria are typified within the framework of the resource and effective basic approaches. The results are of theoretical and methodological significance, since they demonstrate what negative and positive characteristics have absolute, relative and integral, as well as rating indicators for assessing innovative potential. The author also gives an updated definition of innovation potential within the framework of the resource approach as the presence of unused estimated resources that provide or potentially affect the innovation process. As a result, a conclusion is made about the ambiguity of assessing the innovative potential and the limitations of each of the approaches developed so far. This outlines the prospect for further research on the theory of socio-economic potential, where innovation potential can be considered as an integral part.

References:

1.Babkin A.V., Zdolnikova S.V. Methodology for assessing the innovative potential of integrated industrial structures. Economics and Management. 2017;8 (142):54-66. (In Russ.).

2. Glazunova V.V. Modern problems in assessing the innovative potential of organizations. Internet journal «NAUKOVEDENIE». 2016;8(1). (In Russ.). URL: http://naukovedenie.ru/PDF/78EVN116.pdf

3. Divaeva E.A. Fundamentals of assessing the level of innovative potential and assessing its level: Monograph. M.: Paleotype, 2007. 144 p.

4. Zhits G.I. Abilities for the implementation of opportunities: continuation of discussions about the methodology for assessing the innovative potential of socio-economic systems of various levels of complexity. Innovations. 2008;8 (118): 75-78. (In Russ.).

5. Kuzin N.A. Classification of innovations in the modern economy. Eurasian Union of Scientists. 2015;9-1 (18):56-60. (In Russ.).

6. Maskaikin E.P., Artser T.V. Innovative potential of the region: essence, structure, assessment methodology and development directions. Bulletin of the South Ural State University. 2009;21 (154):47-53. (In Russ.).

7. Muller V.K. English-Russian dictionary. M.: State publishing house of foreign and national dictionaries, 1963. 1192 p.

8. Ozhegov S.I. Dictionary of the Russian language / edited by Shvedova N.Yu. M.: Russian language, 1987. 798 p.

Study of the innovative potential of service sector organizations on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.109.2023.93-100

In a scientific article, a study was made of the innovative potential of organizations on the example of the largest tour operators of the Republic of Tatarstan. Based on the components of the meso fractal, the EVA model was built, which allows assessing the degree of readiness for innovative changes and innovative development of tourism companies in the region.

References:

1. Portnov V.V. Controlling as a mechanism for effective management of the investment attractiveness of an industrial enterprise: dissertation … candidate of economic sciences: 08.00.05 / Portnov Viktor Valentinovich. – Nizhny Novgorod, 2011.

2. Zhukovskaya I.V. The specifics of the study of the service market on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan. Microeconomics. 2020;5:93-98. (In Russ.).

3. Ragimkhanov A.V. Synergy effect in the study of the competitiveness of enterprises on the example of the subjects of the tourist destination of the Republic of Tatarstan / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;4:80-85. (In Russ.).

4. Svyatokho N.V. Conceptual bases for the study of the tourism potential of the region. Economics and Management. 2007;2:30-36. (In Russ.).

Systematization of theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of the competitiveness of enterprises on the example of tourism and recreation at the meso-level

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.101.2021.51-57

The scientific article puts forward theoretical and practical provisions, in aggregate, constituting a new method of managing competitiveness in a market environment. The proposed methodology serves as the basis for the development of practical measures, and can be used for subsequent scientific and theoretical research, as well as in the practical work of enterprises in the field of tourism services and in the development of effective management decisions. The competitive market of tourist services and recreation is investigated on the example of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Innovative Economy and Economic Growth

DOI:  https://doi.org/ 10.33917/es-5.179.2021.102-107

The article examines relationship between innovation and economic development in the framework of new technological structures, as well as implementation of an innovative macro-strategy in the context of modern credit and banking system, supported and stimulated by the state and by transnational corporations. The function of an entrepreneur is to contribute to prosperity of both an individual business and the country’s economy as a whole. In the absence of entrepreneurs, budget financing of projects often involves irresponsible decision-making (economically ineffective), bureaucracy and business degeneration. Systemic support for the development of entrepreneurial innovation is needed, and macroeconomic management tools should be stimulatory. Modern legal regulation does not comply with new technological possibilities.

Technological change can have both positive and negative social consequences. Growing unemployment is considered one of the serious social threats. A well-thought-out state policy should be aimed at neutralizing the negative social consequences of the economy technological transition. It is necessary to use international experience in implementing credit issue in order to stimulate investments in innovative sectors of economy. The role of the Central Bank in targeting the growth of corporate incomes and incomes of the population is important, as well as implementation of the program for innovative development of the economy under the state support.