DOI: 10.33917/es-3.201.2025.6-13

The article dwells on the role of technological sovereignty in ensuring the country’s sustainable development. The authors examine the concept of technological sovereignty, its main components and its relationship with economic, social and environmental sustainability. Particular attention is paid to analysis of the key areas for strengthening technological sovereignty, including the development of a research base, stimulation of innovation, personnel training and government support. Examples of Russia and other countries show successful practices and challenges related to achieving technological independence. It is shown that technological sovereignty is a necessary condition for sustainable development, allowing to reduce dependence on external factors and ensure the country’s long-term innovative development. In conclusion, the authors put forward recommendations for forming a comprehensive strategy for technological development based on strengthening scientific potential and creating a favourable environment for innovation.

References: 

1. Razvitie ekonomicheskikh sistem: teoriya, metodologiya, praktika: Monografiya (nauchnoe izdanie) [Development of Economic Systems: Theory, Methodology, Practice: Monograph (Scientific Edition)]. FGAOU VO “Samarskiy natsional’nyy issledovatel’skiy universitet imeni akademika S.P. Koroleva, et al; pod. red. B.N. Gerasimova. Penza, PGAU, 2024, 275 p.

2. Trusina I., Ermolaeva E., Abramov V., Gopeenko V. Otsenka mirovogo razvitiya v invariantnoy sisteme koordinat energeticheskikh edinits: perspektivy novykh industrial’nykh ekonomik [Assessment of Global Development in an Invariant Coordinate System of Energy Units: Prospects for New Industrial Economies]. Zhurnal infrastruktury, politiki i razvitiya, 2024, no 8(1):3110, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i1.3110

3. Afanas’ev A.A. Tekhnologicheskiy suverenitet kak nauchnaya kategoriya v sisteme sovremennogo znaniya [Technological Sovereignty as a Scientific Category in the System of Modern Knowledge]. Ekonomika, predprinimatel’stvo i pravo, 2022, vol. 12, no 9, pp. 2377–2394.

4. Kvint V.L., Novikova I.V., Alimuradov M.K., Sasaev N.I. Strategirovanie tekhnologicheskogo suvereniteta natsional’noy ekonomiki [Strategizing the Technological Sovereignty of the National Economy]. Upravlencheskoe konsul’tirovanie, 2022, no 9, pp. 57–67, DOI: 10.22394/1726-1139-2022-9-57-67

5. Baydarov D.Yu., Faykov D.Yu. Na puti k tekhnologicheskomu suverenitetu: teoreticheskie podkhody, praktika, predlozheniya [On the Way to Technological Sovereignty: Theoretical Approaches, Practice, Proposals]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2023, no 1, pp. 23–34.

6. Abramov V.I., Gavrilyuk A.V., Putilov A.V. Sravnenie podkhodov k obespecheniyu tekhnologicheskogo suvereniteta v raznykh stranakh: Trendy razvitiya sovremennogo obshchestva: upravlencheskie, pravovye, ekonomicheskie i sotsial’nye aspekty: Sb. nauchnykh statey 14-y Vserossiyskoy nauchnoprakticheskoy konferentsii [Comparison of Approaches to Ensuring Technological Sovereignty in Different Countries: Trends in the Development of Modern Society: Managerial, Legal, Economic and Social Aspects: Collection of scientific articles of the 14th All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference]. Kursk, Universitetskaya kniga, 2024, pp. 15–21.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.118.2024.52-64

The aim of the study was to identify current development trends in the tourism industry. When conducting the study, methods for processing qualitative and quantitative information were used: methods for analyzing the structure and dynamics of key indicators, graphical and tabular methods for presenting research results. The information basis of the study consisted of statistical materials of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, periodical scientific press, and Internet resources.

Based on the results of the analysis, the main problems in the tourism industry of the Russian Federation were identified: insufficient development of tourism and transport infrastructure, lack of the required number of qualified personnel to work in the tourism industry, insufficiently developed digital environment and information resources in the tourism industry, etc. Based on the identified problems, measures were recommended supporting the tourism industry: increasing investment in the tourism industry by raising funds on the basis of public-private and municipal-private partnerships, life cycle contracts and special investment contracts; increasing the number of budget and extra-budgetary places in tourism specialties, expanding the list of educational programs in tourism destinations, and other measures.

References:

1. Passport of the national project (program) «Labor Productivity and employment support»: approved by the Presidium of the Presidential Council for Strategic Development and National Projects (Protocol No. 16 dated December 24, 2018. URL: https://base.garant.ru/72185994/?ysclid=lykkqnxtci881108903

2. Soviet Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1985.

3. Passport of the national program «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation» (approved by the Presidium of the Presidential Council for Strategic Development and National Projects on December 24, 2018 No. 16). URL: https://base .garant.ru/72296050/?ysclid=lykkpit4uq663593874

4. Anpilogov N.I. Digitalization of the economy of the Russian Federation: the current state and directions of improvement. Vector of economics. 2023;5(83).

5. Babkina L.N., Skotarenko O.V., Khatsenko E.S. Modeling of the economic indicator of the standard of living of the population of the regions of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Regional economic issues. 2022;2:10–19.

6. Passport of the national project «Science and Universities» (approved by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, April 2023). URL: https://base.garant.ru/407955661/

7. Klushina L. Innovations in priority. Evening St. Petersburg. June 20, 2024. No. 20.

8. Bodrunov S.D. The State and the revolution. The economic revival of Russia. 2019;1(59):9–13.

9. Lischuk E.N., Kapelyuk S.D. Problems of developing digital skills of the population in Russian regions. Development of socio-economic, scientific and technological potential of regions as a factor in strengthening Russia’s position in the modern world, dedicated to the Decade of Science and Technology in the Russian Federation, the Year of Youth in the Republic of Khakassia (July 5–8, 2023). Abakan: V.M. Torosov Khakass Book Publishing House, 2023. C.121–125. URL: https://www.ieie.su/assets/files/news/2023/sbornik_3.07.23.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/es-3.195.2024.50-59

Innovation is a key factor in the modern economy development. At the same time, strategic planning in the context of innovation development is a primary step towards scientific and technological leadership and sovereignt y. In the modern world, key powers are investing enormous amounts of money in the race for leadership in the field of ar tificial intelligence, defining innovation for the coming years and decades. At the moment most countries, including Russia, have already formed their strategic vision for this sphere’s development. If we consider ar tificial intelligence technologies not just as a way to automate production processes, but as a tool to transform the entire economy due to the synergistic ef fect from introducing these technologies, then the question of the current role of AI in strategizing innovation becomes paramount. Analysis of the relationship between strategic planning documents and the National AI Development Strategy will mak e it possible to identify its place in the existing hierarchy of strategic documents and, as a result, to determine the strategy’s potential in stimulating Russia’s innovation development and economic transformation.

References:

1. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 10 oktyabrya 2019 g. N 490 “O razvitii iskusstvennogo intellekta v Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated October 10, 2019 No. 490 “On the Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Russian Federation”]. Garant, available at: https://base.garant.ru/72838946

2. Porter M. Konkurentnaya strategiya. Metodika analiza otrasley konkurentov [Competitive Strategy. Methodology for Analyzing Competitors’ Industries]. Moscow, Al’pina Pablisher, 2015, 435 p.

3. Khamel G., Prakhalad K.K. Konkuriruya za budushchee. Sozdanie rynkov zavtrashnego dnya [Competing for the Future. Creating Tomorrow’s Markets]. Moscow, Olimp-Biznes, 2014, 288 p.

4. Kvint V.L. Kontseptsiya strategirovaniya [Concept of Strategizing]. Kemerovo, Kemerovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet, 2022, 170 p., DOI: 10.21603/978-5-8353-2562-7

5. Artificial Intelligence Index Report, 2023. Stanford University, available at: https://aiindex.stanford.edu/report/

6. Pasport FP “Iskusstvennyy intellect” [FP Passport of “Artificial Intelligence”]. Konsul’tantPlyus. Sudebnye i normativnye akty RF, available at: https://sudact.

ru/law/pasport-federalnogo-proekta-iskusstvennyi-intellekt-natsionalnoi-programmy

7. Indeks gotovnosti prioritetnykh otrasley ekonomiki Rossiyskoy Federatsii k vnedreniyu iskusstvennogo intellekta: Analiticheskiy otchet [Index of Readiness of Priority Sectors of the Russian Economy for Implementing Artificial Intelligence: Analytical Report]. Analiticheskiy tsentr pri Pravitel’stve RF; MGU imeni

M.V. Lomonosova, 2021, 159 p.

8. Kolin K.K. Novyy etap razvitiya iskusstvennogo intellekta: natsional’nye strategii, tendentsii i prognozy [New Stage of Artificial Intelligence Development: National Strategies, Trends and Forecasts]. Strategicheskie prioritety, 2019, no 2(22), pp. 4–12.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.116.2024.37-40

An analysis of methods for processing digital information and business analytics for civil aviation enterprises is presented using the example of “Data Science”.

References:

1. Gubanova A.V. Digital transformation as a tool for developing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. Creative economy. 2020;6:17-18. (In Russ.).

2. Zhukovskaya I.V., Akaeva V.R., Kuzmin M.S. Current problems of digitalization of companies using the example of the industrial sector. Microeconomics. 2023;4:51-55. (In Russ.).

3. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of competitiveness of services: from theory to practice. / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78. (In Russ.).

4. Official website of the Aeroflot company. URL: https://ir.aeroflot.ru/ru/company-overview/traffic-and-financial-highlights/

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.194.2024.116-123

The author of the article analyzes trends in the development of innovation activity from 2005 to 2021 in the six largest urban agglomerations of Russia — Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Yekaterinburg and Novosibirsk. As a result of the study, it was determined that in order to further realize the innovative potential of the largest urban agglomerations as sources of economic growth of the country, it is necessary to finance and support industries engaged in innovative types of economic activities, develop mechanisms for integrating science and business, build and develop inter-agglomeration (interregional) connections and cooperation in scientific-technological development.

References:

1. Aganbegyan A.G. O prioritetnom razvitii sfery ekonomiki znaniy [On the Priority Development of the Knowledge Economy Sphere]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2021, no 1(67), pp. 15–22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.37930/1990-9780-2021-1-67-15-22

2. Ushvitskiy L.I., Ter-Grigor’yants A.A., Rebiy A.P. Sovremennye tendentsii razvitiya innovatsionnykh protsessov v rossiyskoy ekonomike [Modern Trends in the Development of Innovation Processes in the Russian Economy]. Vestnik Severo-Kavkazskogo federal’nogo universiteta, 2017, no 2(59), pp. 120–128.

3. Shamina L.K. Vliyanie ekonomicheskoy kon”yunktury na innovatsionnuyu aktivnost’ otechestvennykh predpriyatiy [Influence of the Economic Situation on the Innovation Activity of Domestic Enterprises]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2021, no 4(70), pp. 147–155, DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-4-70-147-155

4. Kochetkov S.V., Kochetkova O.V. Innovatsionnoe sostoyanie ekonomiki regiona kak glavnoe uslovie snizheniya mezhterritorial’nogo neravenstva [Innovative State of the Regional Economy as the Main Condition for Reducing Interterritorial Inequality]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2023, no 1(75), pp. 50–55, DOI: https://doi.org/10.37930/1990-9780-2023-1-75-50-55

5. Mikhaylov A.S., Kuznetsova T.Yu., Peker I.Yu. Tipologiya regionov po ikh funktsional’noy roli v innovatsionnom prostranstve Rossii [Typology of Regions According to their Functional Role in the Innovation Space of Russia]. Regional’nye issledovaniya, 2019, no 4, pp. 46–57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2019-4-4

6. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 13 fevralya 2019 g. N 207-r “Strategiya prostranstvennogo razvitiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii na period do 2025 goda” [Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 13, 2019 No. 207-r “Strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation

for the period until 2025”], available at: http://static.government.ru/media/files/UVAlqUtT08o60RktoOXl22JjAe7irNxc.pdf

7. Regiony Rossii. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie pokazateli. 2022: Stat. sb. [Regions of Russia. Socio-economic Indicators. 2022: Statistical Book]. Moscow, Rosstat, 2022, 1122 p., available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Region_Pokaz_2022.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.115.2024.5-22

The scientific article presents the advanced experience of leading foreign countries to activate innovation. It was established that mainly organizations for the development of innovation use direct and indirect support measures. The principles of activation and support of innovative activities in foreign countries are shown, the main tools for state stimulation and activation of innovation in foreign countries have been identified.

References:

1. Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 30, 2002 No. Pr-576 «Fundamentals of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of development of science and technology for the period until 2010 and beyond». URL: www.consultant.ru

2. «The main directions of the policy of the Russian Federation in the field of development of the innovation system for the period until 2010» (approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on 05.08.2005 No. 2473p-P7). URL: www.consultant.ru

3. Strategy for the development of science and innovation in the Russian Federation for the period until 2015 (approved by the Interdepartmental Commission on Scientific and Innovation Policy (protocol dated February 15, 2006 No. 1). URL: www.consultant.ru

4. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 4, 2023 No. 1789-r «On approval of a comprehensive scientific and technical program of a full innovation cycle “New composite materials: design and production technologies”». URL: www.consultant.ru

5. Kalinov V.V. Formation of the conceptual foundations of the innovation policy of the Russian Federation. Bulletin of Tomsk State University.2011;4(16):16-43. (In Russ.).

6. Bondarenko N.E. Innovative development of the Russian economy: retrospective analysis and prospects. International scientific journal “INNOVATIVE SCIENCE”. 2015;11:32-38. (In Russ.).

7. Ustinova L.N., Ustinov A.E. Modern problems of innovative development of an enterprise Russian entrepreneurship. 2018;19(2):432-444. (In Russ.).

8. Lavrinenko A.R. Diagnostics and directions of development of the innovative potential of scientific and technical entrepreneurship. Bulletin of Polotsk State University. Series D. Economic and legal sciences. 2022;12:35-42. (In Russ.).

9.Suglobov A.E. The essence of innovative activity of economic entities in modern conditions of economic development. Bulletin of the Moscow University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. 2013;8:194-199. (In Russ.).

10. Kozhitov L.V., Zaporotskova I.V., Kozlov V.V. Promising carbon-based materials. Bulletin of VolSU. 2009-2010;10(4):63-84. (In Russ.).

11. Kolobkov A.S. Development of technologies for producing carbon fibers (review). PROCEEDINGS OF VIAM / TRUDY VIAM. 2022; 8 (114):123-131. (In Russ.).

12. Khasanova G.B. Principles of «Green engineering» – a promising way to solve the problem of environmental pollution with polymersю Bulletin of the Kazan Technological University. 2013;22. (In Russ.).

13. Rogov V.A., Shkarupa M.I., Velis A.K. Classification of composite materials and their role in modern mechanical engineering. Vestnik RUDN. Series: Engineering Research. 2012;2:41-49. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.87-93

The scientific article presents the advanced experience of leading foreign countries to activate innovation. It was established that mainly organizations for the development of innovation use direct and indirect support measures. The principles of activation and support of innovative activities in foreign countries are shown, the main tools for state stimulation and activation of innovation in foreign countries have been identified.

References:

1. Schneegans S., Straza T., Lewis J. UNESCO Science Report: the Race Against Time for Smarter Development. UNESCO Publishing: Paris, 2021. 758 p.

2. Kiselev V.N., Yakovleva M.V. Innovation vouchers – a new tool for supporting innovation activities. Innovations. 2012;4(162):38-42. (In Russ.).

3. Gretchenko A.A. International experience of state funds to support the intensification of scientific and innovative activities. Economics. Taxes. Right. 2007;1:15-26. (In Russ.).

4. Andryushchenko O.G., Zhang Yu. Foreign experience of state regulation and support of small innovative business enterprises. Current issues of social and economic development of the modern state. Collection of scientific articles based on the materials of the scientific and practical conference. South Russian State Polytechnic University (NPI), 2014. pp. 45-51. (In Russ.).

5. Shmeleva L.A. Tools for supporting innovative activities of industrial enterprises in modern Russia. Management of economic systems: electronic scientific journal. 2014;12(72):33. (In Russ.).

6. Makasheva N.P. State support and financing of innovative activities in Russia and countries of the world. Bulletin of Tomsk State University. Economy. 2013;3 (23):161-172. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.192.2023.78-83

The author substantiates the need to reform the strategic planning system at the current stage of Russia’s development, which will allow our country to take a leading position in the world. Documentation related to the sphere of strategic planning of the Russian Federation is analyzed, recommendations are given for introducing changes to Russian legislation on issues of national socio-economic development.

References:

1. Zasedanie Soveta bezopasnosti, v khode kotorogo obsuzhdalis’ mery po sovershenstvovaniyu sistemy strategicheskogo planirovaniya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Meeting of the Security Council, During which Measures to Improve the Strategic Planning System in the Russian Federation were Discussed, 09/27/2021]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2021, 27 sentyabrya, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/copy/66777

2. Baza rekomendatsiy Schetnoy palaty Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Database of Recommendations of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Schetnoy palaty RF, available at: https://rec.ach.gov.ru

3. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Schetnoy palaty RF [Official website of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation], available at: https://rec.ach.gov.ru/analitika?j&paramCard=1

4. Dokumenty strategicheskogo planirovaniya [Strategic Planning Documents]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt gosudarstvennoy avtomatizirovannoy informatsionnoy sistemy “Upravlenie”, available at: https://gasu.gov.ru/stratdocuments

5. Gaynulin D.G., Voronin V.V., Panchikhina O.V., Pal’chikov E.A., Tyupyshev D.A. Sistema strategicheskogo planirovaniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii: riski i perspektivy [Strategic Planning System of the Russian Federation: Risks and Prospects]. Innovatsii, 2018, no 4(234), pp. 29–35.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.113.2023.71-75

The scientific article summarizes the theoretical concepts of a digital twin and classifies its main types in the digital economy. The principles of operation of digital twins are outlined using the example of the production process and modern marketplace.

References: 

1. Gubanova A.V. Digital transformation as a tool for developing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises. Creative economy. 2020;6:17-18. (In Russ.).

2. Zhukovskaya I.V., Akaeva V.R., Kuzmin M.S. Current problems of digitalization of companies using the example of the industrial sector. Microeconomics. 2023;4:51-55. (In Russ.).

3. Ragimkhanov A.V. Systematization of scientific approaches to the study of competitiveness of services: from theory to practice / A.V. Ragimkhanov, I.V. Zhukovskaya. Microeconomics. 2022;1:75-78. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.191.2023.72-77

In the context of growing technological gap between the Russian Federation and developed countries, restrictions on developing scientific research and innovation due to narrowing scientific cooperation opportunities, reduced access to world scientifictechnical achievements and scientific equipment, as well as low demand from public and business sectors of the economy for scientific, scientific-technical and innovative products, the role of strategic management in the sphere of scientific-technological development, aimed at increasing the role of science in reproductive processes, ensuring the optimal choice of priority areas in science, technology and engineering, concentration of existing scientific, technical and innovative potential for their implementation in a short term, is significantly increasing. The present article analyzes the current system of state strategic management of scientific-technological development, gives recommendations for its improvement with a focus on the final result of scientific, scientific-technical and innovative activities by ensuring the integrity and continuity of innovative processes.

References:

1. Nauka. Tekhnologii. Innovatsii: 2023: Kratkii statisticheskii sbornik [Science. Technologies. Innovations: 2023: Brief Statistical Compendium]. Moscow, NIU VShE, 2023, 102 p.

2. Mindeli L.E., Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P. Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie nauchno-tekhnicheskoi deyatel’nost’yu v Rossii: sostoyanie i perspektivy [State Management of Scientific and Technical Activities in Russia: Current State and Prospects]. Moscow, Institut problem razvitiya nauki RAN, 2018, 108 p.

3. Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P. O sovershenstvovanii modeli strategicheskogo upravleniya v sfere nauki i tekhnologii [On Improving the Strategic Management Model in the Field of Science and Technology]. Mikroekonomika, 2022, no 6, pp. 5–18.

4. Chereshnev V.A., Todosiichuk A.V. Nauka v Rossii: sostoyanie, problemy, perspektivy razvitiya [Science in Russia: State, Problems, Development Prospects]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2022, vol. 92, no 3, pp. 201–212.

5. Todosiichuk A.V. Usloviya i faktory nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo i innovatsionnogo razvitiya ekonomiki [Conditions and Factors of Scientific, Technological and

Innovative Development of the Economy]. Vestnik Rossiiskoi akademii nauk, 2023, vol. 93, no 3, pp. 237–245.

6. Indikatory nauki: 2022: Statisticheskii sbornik [Science Indicators: 2022: Statistical Compendium]. Moscow, NIU VShE, 2022, 400 p.

7. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii. 2022 god [Socio-economic Situation in Russia. 2022]. Moscow, Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki, 2022, no 12, 340 p.

8. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii. 2023 god [Socio-economic Situation in Russia. 2023]. Moscow, Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki, 2023, no 5, 287 p.

9. Todosiichuk A.V. Upravlenie naukoi v nestatsionarnoi ekonomike [Management of Science in a Non-stationary Economy]. Naukovedcheskie issledovaniya, 2022, no 3, pp. 71–85.