Normative-dynamic approach to assessment and analysis of state strategic planning for the development of education in Russia. Part 2

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.115.2024.92-105

The article proposes a normative-dynamic approach, new for Russia, to the assessment and analysis of state strategic planning for the development of education in the Russian Federation, aimed at improving the management of the implementation of the state program «Development of Education» for the period 2018-2025 and the national project «Education» for the period 2024-2030. Based on the use of rank correlation methods and taking into account the current legislative acts and strategic planning documents, various options for the current, short-term, medium-term and long-term normative and dynamic assessment of the development of education in the Russian Federation are considered. The conclusion is made about the weak scientific validity and low effectiveness of the state strategic planning of the State Program for the development of education in the Russian Federation.

References:

[1–8] see No. 1(114)/2024. pp. 99100.

9. Analysis of state programs  2021. GP-02 «Development of Education» [Electronic resource]. URL: https://ach.gov.ru/upload/

10. Federal Law of December 8, 2020 No. 385-FZ «On the federal budget for 2021 and for the planning period of 2022 and 2023» [Electronic resource]. URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/

11. Heckman J.J. Policies to foster human capital. Research in Economics. 2000. Vol. 54. pp. 3–56.

12. Soldatov R.V., Afonina I.A. Normative-dynamic approach to the assessment and analysis of state strategic planning for the development of education in Russia. Part 1. Microeconomics. 2024;1:94–100. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.94–100.

13. Report on the interim results of an expert-analytical event to monitor the progress of implementation of NGOs, 2024. pp. 31. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://ach.gov.ru/upload/iblock/

14. Russian statistical yearbook, 2022. pp. 189–215. [Electronic resource]. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/

15. Report to the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation on the implementation of state policy in the field of education (2023) [Electronic resource]. URL: http://static.government.ru/media/files/

Strategic Planning in the Face of Digital Transformation Challenges

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.54-61

High dynamics of geopolitical changes, enhanced by expansion of the range of challenges facing the country, have exposed new requirements for government and economic management. The speed with which these requirements should be realized raises the issue of the need for a technological breakthrough in the field of management. And the scale of shifts in the global economy requires special attention to strategic planning, raising its role in the public administration system to a level that will ensure all government bodies’ orientation towards achieving the goals of social development that are being formed right now.

The article dwells on the issues of strategic planning technologization, the challenges to which a new strategic planning system should respond, some risks of digital transformation of the public administration sector and possible directions for overcoming them.

References:

1. Aver’yanov M.A., Evtushenko S.N., Kochetova E.Yu. Tsifrovoe obshchestvo: novye vyzovy [Strategic Planning — Necessary Condition for Developing the Vital Activity of Modern Society]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2017, no 6, pp. 166–175.

2. Ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 8 noyabrya 2021 g. N 633 “Ob utverzhdenii Osnov gosudarstvennoy politiki v sfere strategicheskogo planirovaniya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2021 No. 633 “On approval of theFundamentals of State Policy in the Sphere of Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”]. Garant, available at: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/402915816/

3. Putin prizval rasshirit’ natsional’nye tseli razvitiya [Putin called for expanding national development goals]. RIA Novosti, 2023, 21 dekabrya, available at: https://ria.ru/20231221/putin-1917226925.html?in=l

Normative-dynamic approach to assessment and analysis of state strategic planning for the development of education in Russia. Part 1

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.94-100

The article proposes a normative-dynamic approach, new for Russia, to the assessment and analysis of state strategic planning for the development of education in the Russian Federation, aimed at improving the management of the implementation of the state program «Development of Education» for the period 2018-2025 and the national project «Education» for the period 2024-2030. Based on the use of rank correlation methods and taking into account the current legislative acts and strategic planning documents, various options for the current, short-term, medium-term and long-term normative and dynamic assessment of the development of education in the Russian Federation are considered. The conclusion is made about the weak scientific validity and low effectiveness of the state strategic planning of the State Program for the development of education in the Russian Federation.

References:

1. Afonina I. A., Soldatov R. V. Strategic analysis of the development of the educational sphere of Moscow in the 21st century. Microeconomics. 2021;1(96): 88–102. (In Russ.).

2. Guskov Yu.V., Soldatov R. V. State educational policy of Russia in the 21st century and strategic prospects for its further implementation. BULLETIN of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. SERIES «Economics». 2020;4(26):83–99. (In Russ.).

3. Kendall Maurice J. Rank correlations / trans. from English, scientific ed. and preface EAT. Chetyrkin and R. M. Entova. M.: Statistics, 1975. 214 p.

4. Lomovtseva O. A., Soldatov R. V. On the normative-dynamic analysis of the strategic goals and objectives of the national project «Education». Economic and managerial congress: collection of articles based on the materials of the International scientific and practical complex event of the National Research University «BelSU», November 10–11, 2022 / Responsible. ed. V. M. Zakharov. Belgorod. Publishing House «BelSU». National Research University «BelSU», 2022. pp. 63–69.

5. Lyubimov A. P., Yudin V. I., Soldatov R. V. On the strategy of the state educational policy of Russia in the 21st century. Representative power — XXI century. 2021;3:34–43. (In Russ.).

6. Soldatov R. V. On the normative-dynamic approach to strategic planning for the development of education in Russia. BULLETIN of the Moscow City Pedagogical University. SERIES «Economics». 2022;1(31):87–100. (In Russ.).

7. Syroezhin I. M. Planfulness. Planning. Plan. Scientific ed. E. Z. Maiminas. M.: Economics, 1986. 248 p.

8. Syroezhin I. M. Improving the system of efficiency and quality indicators. M.: Economics, 1980. 193 p.

National Financial-Economic Development. Analysis of the Russian Federation Strategic Documents

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.192.2023.78-83

The author substantiates the need to reform the strategic planning system at the current stage of Russia’s development, which will allow our country to take a leading position in the world. Documentation related to the sphere of strategic planning of the Russian Federation is analyzed, recommendations are given for introducing changes to Russian legislation on issues of national socio-economic development.

References:

1. Zasedanie Soveta bezopasnosti, v khode kotorogo obsuzhdalis’ mery po sovershenstvovaniyu sistemy strategicheskogo planirovaniya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Meeting of the Security Council, During which Measures to Improve the Strategic Planning System in the Russian Federation were Discussed, 09/27/2021]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii, 2021, 27 sentyabrya, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/events/president/transcripts/copy/66777

2. Baza rekomendatsiy Schetnoy palaty Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Database of Recommendations of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Schetnoy palaty RF, available at: https://rec.ach.gov.ru

3. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Schetnoy palaty RF [Official website of the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation], available at: https://rec.ach.gov.ru/analitika?j&paramCard=1

4. Dokumenty strategicheskogo planirovaniya [Strategic Planning Documents]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt gosudarstvennoy avtomatizirovannoy informatsionnoy sistemy “Upravlenie”, available at: https://gasu.gov.ru/stratdocuments

5. Gaynulin D.G., Voronin V.V., Panchikhina O.V., Pal’chikov E.A., Tyupyshev D.A. Sistema strategicheskogo planirovaniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii: riski i perspektivy [Strategic Planning System of the Russian Federation: Risks and Prospects]. Innovatsii, 2018, no 4(234), pp. 29–35.

Russian Economy — from Defensive Strategy to Ambitious One

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.191.2023.54-63

The Russian economy turned out to be at the forefront of changes occurring in the global economy. Usual paradigms of economic analysis and forecasting are no longer suitable for describing this situation. Macroeconomic indicators in the context of massive redistribution of assets provide an increasingly distor ted picture of the current and strategic advantages of countries and corporations, their economic oppor tunities and risks. The institutional approach, in par ticular the theory of mergers and acquisitions, is becoming more adequate to the present moment. A description of the conflict between Western countries and Russia in its language allows us to see both the mechanisms of transition from its “friendly” absorption in the 1990s to a “hostile” acquisition (essentially, to a raider tak eover in recent years), and new opportunities opening up for Russian economy thanks to a failed at tempt to capture it. Right now, it is impor tant not only to build a policy in order to counter sanctions, but also to formulate new ambitious strategic priorities. This will allow us to tak e advantage of new opportunities in a proper way.

References:

1. Balatskii E.V. Rossiya v epitsentre geopoliticheskoi turbulentnosti: nakoplenie global’nykh protivorechii [Russia in the Epicenter of Geopolitical Turbulence: Accumulation of Global Contradictions]. Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’nye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz, 2022, vol. 15, no 4, pp. 42–59, DOI: 10.15838/esc.2022.4.82.3.

2. Doklad Stiglitsa o reforme mezhdunarodnoi valyutno-finansovoi sistemy: uroki global’nogo krizisa [The Stiglitz report Reforming the International Monetary and Financial Systems in the wake of the Global Crisis]. Doklad Komissii finansovykh ekspertov OON. Moscow, Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2012, 324 p.

3. Glaz’ev S.Yu. Poslednyaya mirovaya voina. SShA nachinayut i proigryvayut [The Last World War. USA Starts and Loses]. Moscow, Knizhnyi mir, 2016.

(Kollektsiya Izborskogo kluba.)

4. Yakovets Yu.V. Global’nyi tsivilizatsionnyi krizis — 2020 — start novoi istoricheskoi epokhi: Nauch. doklad. Prilozhenie. Novaya periodizatsiya istorii i budushchego tsivilizatsii, kapitalizma i sotsializma [Global Civilizational Crisis — 2020 — Beginning of a New Historical Era: Scientific Report. Appendix. New Periodization of History and the Future of Civilizations, Capitalism and Socialism]. Moscow, MISK, 2020.

5. Kotlikoff L., Berns S. Pensionnaya sistema pered burei: To, chto nuzhno znat’ kazhdomu o finansovom budushchem svoei strany [The Pension System Before the Storm: What Everyone Needs to Know About Financial Future of the Own Country]. Moscow, Al’pina biznes buks, 2005, 348 p.

6. Shirov A.A., Porfir’ev B.N., Edinak E.A., et al. Potentsial’nye vozmozhnosti rosta rossiiskoi ekonomiki: analiz i prognoz: Nauch. Doklad [Potential for Growth of the Russian Economy: Analysis and Forecast. Scientific Repor t]. Moscow, Artik Print, 2022, 296 p. (Nauchnyi doklad INP RAN), DOI: 10.47711/sr2-2022.

On improving the regulatory and legal support of strategic planning and management in the field of science and technology: problems and solutions

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.109.2023.5-18

The article outlines the features of various national systems of strategic planning and management and approaches to improving such a system in the context of the formation of a new model of management of science and technology in Russia; the problems of implementation of the Law №. 172-FZ and proposals for improving the regulatory and legal support of strategic planning and management in the field of science and technology are formulated.

References:

1. Glazyev S. Yu. Theoretical foundations of strategic planning and management. Innovations. 2020;2(256):14-23. (In Russ.).

2. Komkov N.I. Development of program-target management in the USSR and Russia. URL: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/razvitie-programmno-tselevogo-upravleniya-v-sssr-i-rossii

3. Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

4.Federal Law of 20.07.1995 No. 115-FZ «On State Forecasting and Programs of Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation» (with amendments. dated 09.07.1999). – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

5.Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 144 of February 15, 2021 «On some issues of the Presidential Council for Science and Education».– Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

6.Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 15, 2021 No. 143 «On measures to improve the effectiveness of the state scientific and technical policy».– Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

7.Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 1, 2016 No. 642 «On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation»

8.Lenchuk E. B., Filatov V. I. Strategic planning – the way to sustainable development of the Russian economy. Economic and social changes: facts, trends, forecast. 2018;11(4):35–47. (In Russ.).

9.Smirnova O. O., Bocharova L. K., Belyaevskaya-Plotnik L. A., Bogdanova Y. N. Conceptual approaches to the formation of architectural documents of strategic planning in Russia. MIR (Modernization. Innovations. Development). 2019;10(4):440–456. (In Russ.).

10.Lenchuk E. B. Strategic planning in Russia: problems and ways of solving. INNOVATIONS. 2020;2(256):24–28. (In Russ.).

11.Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated July 2, 2021 no. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

12.Plan for the preparation of regulatory legal acts of the Government of the Russian Federation (documents) necessary for the implementation of the norms of the Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation» (approved on September 26, 2014 N 6424p-P13). – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

13. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated November 8, 2021 No. 633 «On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy in the Field of Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

On improving the model of strategic management in the field of science and technology

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.107.2022.5-18

The article proposes a set of organizational, methodological, legal and managerial measures for the development of such structural elements of the model of strategic management in the field of science and technology as forecasting scientific research and development, selecting thematic priorities for the development of scientific research and development, monitoring the activities of management entities in the field of science and technology, examination of the results of scientific and scientific-technical activities.

References:

 

1. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of June 13, 1996 No. 884 (as amended on February 23, 2006) «On the Doctrine of the Development of Russian Science». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

2. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 1, 2016 No. 642 «Strategy of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

3. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 2, 2021 No. 400 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

4. Federal Law of August 23, 1996 No. 127-FZ «On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

5. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 15, 2021 No. 143 «On measures to improve the efficiency of the state scientific and technical policy». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

6. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 15, 2021 No. 144 «On Certain Issues of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation for Science and Education». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

7. Federal Law of July 20, 1995 No. 115-FZ «On State Forecasting and Programs for the Socio-Economic Development of the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

8. Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ «On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

9. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 1, 2016 No. 642 «On the strategy of scientific and technological development in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

10. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 15, 2021 No. 143 «On measures to improve the efficiency of the state scientific and technical policy». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

11. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2021 No. 633 «On approval of the foundations of state policy in the field of strategic planning in the Russian Federation». – Access from the information and legal system «Garant».

12. Modernization and economic security of Russia: T. 2 / Ed. acad. N.Ya. Petrakov. St. Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya, 2011. 516 p.

Model for the development of a long-term forecast for the development of fundamental and exploratory scientific research in the context of the implementation of strategic planning documents in Russia

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.102.2022.5-21

The article deals with the regulatory and legal grounds and the subject of development of the forecast for the development of fundamental and exploratory scientific research. Provisions, factors and conditions regulating the formation of this forecast have been developed. Proposals for the development of information and expert support of the forecast are formulated.

References:

1. Scenario conditions for a long-term forecast of the socio-economic development of the Russian Federation until 2030 / Ministry of Economic Development of Russia. M., 2013. URL: https://institutiones.com/general/2373-klyuchevye-problemy-razrabotki-scenarnyx-uslovij.html

2. Mindeli L., Ostapyuk S., Chernykh S. Long-term forecasting of the development of fundamental science in Russia: methodological aspects // Society and Economics. 2017;10:5–22. (In Russ.).

3. Sidelnikov Yu.V., Minaev E.S. Technology of expert scenario forecasting. M.: MAI Publishing House, 2017.

4. Zubova L.G., Mindeli L.E., Motova M.A. et al. Methodological aspects of developing a long-term forecast of scientific and technological development / TsISN // Information Bulletin. 2004;6:31–74. (In Russ.).

5. Mindeli L.E., Ostapyuk S.F., Fetisov V.P. On the organization of long-term forecasting of fundamental and search scientific research // Economics and Mathematical Methods. 2019;55(1):56-67. (In Russ.).

6. Ostapyuk S.F. Conditions, stages, features and information support of the procedure for forecasting the development of fundamental and exploratory scientific research. Collection of articles on the results of the international scientific-practical conference «The state and trends in the development of science, technology and innovation». M.: IPRAN RAS, 2021. (In Russ.).

7. Makosko A.A., Abrosimov V.K. On forecasting the development of science as a task of weak artificial intelligence (conceptual approach) // Innovations. 2018; 9 (239):13–19. (In Russ.).

8. Pletnev K.I., Lazarenko N.E. Expertise in the scientific and technical sphere: methodology and organization. M.: Publishing House of the RAGS, 2003. (In Russ.).

9. Dushkin R.V. Why hybrid AI systems are the future // Economic strategies. 2018;156:84–93. (In Russ.).

10. Russell S., Norvig P. Artificial intelligence. Modern approach. 2nd ed. M.: Williams, 2006.

11. Marcus G. Deep Learning: A Critical Appraisal. New York University, 2017. Cornell University Library. URL: http://arxiv.org/1801.00631

12. Sokolov A.V. Foresight: a look into the future // Foresight. 2007;1(1):8–15. (In Russ.).

13. Novikov D.A., Chkhartishvili A.G. Active forecast. M.: IPU RAN, 2002. (In Russ.).

14. Belousov D.R., Frolov I.E. Long-term scientific and technological forecast: construction methodologies, contours of the technological future, development scenario // Foresight. 2008; 2(3):54-67. (In Russ.).

15. Website of the Council for Science under the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. URL: http://sovet-po-nauke.ru/info/31012017-declaration_goszadanie

Development of the Strategic Management System in the Context of Digitalization

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-1.181.2022.20-33

The introduction of digital technologies has a significant impact on the development of the entire public administration system and its most important element — the strategic planning system. Modern digital intelligent technologies and the work of government bodies based on the advanced achievements of management science and the unity of methodological approaches make it possible to raise the strategic planning system to a qualitatively new level. The key to success is the coordinated development of both the public administration system itself and the nationwide information and control systems. The authors, based on the analysis of the content of strategic management activities and the information used for this activity, formulated general approaches to the choice of information technologies to ensure the implementation of the stages of strategic  management.

Источники:

1. Putin V.V. Zasedanie Soveta Bezopasnosti 27 sentyabrya 2021 g. [Meeting of the Security Council on September 27, 2021. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, available at: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/66777.

2. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 8 noyabrya 2021 g. N 633 “Ob utverzhdenii Osnov gosudarstvennoi politiki v sfere strategicheskogo planirovanii v Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2011 No. 633 “On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy in the Sphere of Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”]. Garant, available at: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/402915816/

3. Kudryashova E.V. Informatsionnye tekhnologii dlya strategicheskogo planirovaniya v Rossii: etapy razvitiya i perspektivy [Information Technology for Strategic Planning in Russia: Development Stages and Prospects]. Gosudarstvennaya vlast’ i mestnoe samoupravlenie, 2021, no 2, pp. 36–40.

4. Andreeva Z.K., Baryshnikov P.Yu., Zhurenkov D.A., et al. Strategicheskoe tselepolaganie v situatsionnykh tsentrakh razvitiya [Strategic Goal-setting in Situational Development Centers]. Pod red. V.E. Lepskogo, A.N. Raikova. Moscow, Kogito-Tsentr, 2018, 320 p.

5. Kupryashin G.L., Shramm A.E. O printsipakh datatsentrizma, setetsentrizma i komandnotsentrizma v kontekste informatizatsii gosudarstvennogo upravleniya [On Principles of Data, Network, and Chain-Of-Command Centricity in the Context of Digital Governance]. Gosudarstvennoe upravlenie. Elektronnyi vestnik, vyp. 76, 2019, October.

6. Zatsarinnyi A.A., Il’in N.I., Kolin K.K., et al. Situatsionnye tsentry razvitiya v polisub”ektnoi srede [Situational Development Centers in a Multi-subject Environment]. Problemy upravleniya, 2017, no 5, pp. 31–42.

7. Kaplan R., Norton D. Strategicheskie karty. Transformatsiya nematerial’nykh aktivov v material’nye rezul’taty [Strategic Maps. Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Results]. Moscow, Olimp-Biznes, 2005, 512 p.

8. Kaplan R., Norton D. Sbalansirovannaya sistema pokazatelei. Ot strategii k deistviyu [The Balanced Scorecard. From Strategy to Action]. Moscow, Olimp-Biznes, 2017, 320 p.

Proposals for Creating an Effective Mechanism for Implementation of the Long-term Socio-economic Strategy of Russia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.50-57

Today, in a complicated macroeconomic and geopolitical environment, Russia requires fundamentally new approaches to creating an effective long-term socio-economic development strategy. The Government of the Russian Federation has created a federal information system for strategic planning through the state information system “Management”, collection of data on implementation of strategic planning documents is going on.

Currently, there are thousands of strategic planning documents, but it is still missing a unified management of the country’s economic system based on these documents, federal government does not have feedback from regions and enterprises, which could allow coordinating the development goals and objectives of the country as a whole and individual industries and regions.

In this regard, the issue of developing effective methods for converting strategic planning and management of the Russian economy into operational terms is particularly urgent — from a set of thousands of documents, individual strategies and plans to an operate management system with feedback.

Application of the toolkit for intersectoral and interregional  economic balances, transport-economic and fuel-energy balances, in that respect, seems to be one of the priorities. It is also necessary to calculate financial, trade balances, balances of payments, of labour resources, which have always been and still remain necessary elements of economy forecasting and planning. Along with this, it seems appropriate, analyzing the state and prospects of individual industries development to use balance methods within the same industry, showing the ratio of “costs — issue”, balances of fixed assets, based on depreciation degree, the level of renewal, investments.

Источники:

 

1. Leont’ev V.V. Ekonomicheskie esse. Teorii, issledovaniya, fakty, politika [Economic Essays. Theory, Research, Facts, Politics]. Moscow, Politizdat, 1990, p. 230.

2. Veduta E.N. Mezhotraslevoi-mezhsektornyi balans, mekhanizm strategicheskogo planirovaniya ekonomiki [Inter-industry-cross-sectoral Balance, Mechanism for Strategic Economic Planning]. Moscow, Akademicheskii proekt, 2016, p. 141.

3. Materialy seminara «Razvitie metodologii prognozirovaniya ekonomiki Rossii na baze mezhotraslevogo i mezhregional’nogo kompleksa» [Proceedings of the Seminar “Developing Methodology for the Russian Economy Forecasting on the Basis of an Inter-sectoral and Cross-regional Complex”]. Moscow, OAO «IERT», 2014, p. 56.