DOI: 10.33917/es-2.200.2025.20-29

The article examines the issues of shaping environmental human rights as a scientific and legal category. Analysis of the influence of international law, regional and national legal systems on the development of environmental human rights is carried out. Using the example of environmental insurance and insurance coverage for the LUKOIL Group, legal instruments for guaranteeing human environmental rights as a component of environmental safety in the Caspian region are considered.

References: 

1. Discuss about the UN universal declaration of human rights. The Lawyers&Jurists, available at: https://www.lawyersnjurists.com/article/discuss-universal-declarationhuman-rights/

2. Jankuv J. Concept of Substantive Human Right to Environment under International Public Law. International Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Science, 2019, no 7(2), pp. 19–29.

3. Knox J.H. Constructing the Human Right to a Healthy Environment. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 2020, vol. 16, pp. 79–95.

4. Tret’yakova A.A. Ekologicheskie prava grazhdan v gosudarstvakh — chlenakh Evropeyskogo soyuza: Dis. … kand. yurid. nauk [Environmental Rights of Citizens in the Member States of the European Union: Diss…. Cand. of Law]. Moscow, 2001, pp. 126, 127.

5. Solntsev A.M. Sovremennoe mezhdunarodnoe pravo o zashchite okruzhayushchey sredy i ekologicheskikh pravakh cheloveka: Monografiya [Contemporary International Law on Environmental Protection and Human Environmental Rights: Monograph]. Moscow, 2013, pp. 24–68.

6. Eseyin M., Udoh S.E. When Rights Violate Rights: International Protection of Human Rights, Some Necessary Considerations. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2015, vol. 5, no 6(1), June 2015, available at: https://www.ijhssnet.com/journal/index/ 3124

7. Rezolyutsiya SPCh GA OON 48/13 “Prava cheloveka na chistuyu, zdorovuyu i ustoychivuyu okruzhayushchuyu sredu” (prinyata na 48-y sessii SPCh GA OON 18 oktyabrya 2021 g.) [UN HRC Resolution 48/13 “Human Rights to a Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment” (adopted at the 48th session of the UN HRC on 18 October 2021)], available at: http://cawater-info.net/library/rus/un-hrs-48-13-r.pdf

8. Rezolyutsiya GA OON 76/300 “Pravo cheloveka na chistuyu, zdorovuyu i ustoychivuyu okruzhayushchuyu sredu” (prinyata na 76-y sessii GA OON 1 avgusta 2022 g.) [UNGA Resolution 76/300 “The Human Right to a Clean, Healthy and Sustainable Environment” (adopted at the 76th session of the UNGA on 1 August 2022)], available at: https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N22/442/80/PDF/N2244280.pdf

9. Rezolyutsiya A/RES/70/1 “Preobrazovanie nashego mira: Povestka dnya v oblasti ustoychivogo razvitiya na period do 2030 g.” (prinyata GA 25 sentyabrya 2015 g.) [Resolution A/RES/70/1 “Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” (adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015)]. 44 p.

10. Official Records 97th plenary meeting Seventy-sixth session General Assembly United Nations, 28 July 2022, A/76/PV.97. 28 July 2022. P. 5–19.

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.200.2025.14-19

The article dwells on the issues of creating the image of the future of Russia in the context of emerging contradictions between development of new technologies and preservation of traditional spiritual and moral values. Specifics of the North Caucasus as a multi-ethnic and multi-confessional region are discussed in the context of searching for a compromise between technological changes and traditional value systems.

The author presents proposals for implementing the “Laboratory of the Future” project with participation of young representatives of the North Caucasus Federal District regions, the purpose of which is to discuss a constructive image of the future of Russia, including the development of modern technologies and preservation of traditional spiritual and moral values, taking into account the specifics of the North Caucasus.

References: 

1. Glaz’ev S.Yu. Za gorizontom kontsa istorii: Monografiya [Beyond the Horizon of the End of History: Monograph]. Prospekt, 2021, pp. 41–56.

2. Upravlenie iskusstvennym intellektom v interesakh chelovechestva: Zaklyuchitel’nyy doklad [Governing Artificial Intelligence for Humanity: Final Report]. Organizatsiya Ob”edinennykh Natsiy, 2024, p. 110.

3. Pereslegin S.B. Rossiya: predrassvetnye gody. Lektsiya. Chast’ pervaya [Russia: The Pre-Dawn Years. Lecture. Part One]. Dzen, available at: https://dzen.ru/video/watch/677b95917feaf72a372dfd32

4. Belousov D.R. Obraz ekonomiki Rossii 2050 — klyuchevye vyzovy i perspektivy: Doklad. 2024 g. [The Image of the Russian Economy in 2050 — Key Challenges and Prospects: Report. 2024]. Dzen. Sayt “Tsentr makroekonomicheskogo analiza i kratkosrochnogo prognozirovaniya”, available at: https://dzen.ru/video/watch/677b95917feaf72a372dfd32

5. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Bitva za budushchee: kto pervym v mire osvoit noomonitoring i kognitivnoe programmirovanie sub”ektivnoy real’nosti? [Battle for the Future: Who Will Be the First in the World to Master the Noomonitoring and Cognitive Programming of Subjective Reality?]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2017, no 2, pp. 124–139.

6. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 9 noyabrya 2022 g. N 809 “Ob utverzhdenii Osnov gosudarstvennoy politiki po sokhraneniyu i ukrepleniyu traditsionnykh rossiyskikh dukhovno-nravstvennykh tsennostey” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 9, 2022 No. 809 “On Approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy for the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Russian Spiritual and Moral Values”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta RF, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/48502

7. Shangaraev R.R. Istoriya Islama i musul’manskikh narodov Rossii: Khrestomatiya [History of Islam and Muslim Peoples of Russia: Anthology]. Moscow, MeDDoK, 2020, pp. 232–307.

8. Yarlykapov A.A. Problemy radikalizatsii v musul’manskom soobshchestve Rossii v kontekste peremen na Blizhnem Vostoke: Religii i radikalizm v postsekulyarnom mire [Problems of Radicalization in the Muslim Community of Russia in the Context of Changes in the Middle East: Religions and Radicalism in the Post-Secular World]. Pod red. E.I. Filippovoy i Zh. Radvani. Moscow, Institut etnologii i antropologii RAN, Goryachaya liniya — Telekom, 2017, pp. 232–251.

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.200.2025.6-13

Currently, qualitative and quantitative approaches are used to assess the performance of regional executive authorities. The estimates obtained on their basis, as a rule, imply a subjective component. This paper proposes a method that makes it possible to obtain weighting coefficients for evaluation indicators on a formal basis without involving experts. It involves four main stages of calculations: preparation of initial data, including a set of assessment indicators; formation of a structural matrix of achievements; assessing the complexity of indicators and achievement structures; performance assessment. The peculiarity of the proposed approach is that it allows us to get an idea of the relative complexity of solving problems and achieving the goals of socio-economic development. This idea is based on a comparative analysis of the weights of evaluation indicators obtained on a formal basis.

References: 

1. Chazova I.Yu. Otsenka effektivnosti deyatel’nosti organov gosudarstvennoy vlasti [Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Activities of Public Authorities]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika i pravo, 2019, no 6, pp. 776–785.

2. Okrepilov V.V. Povyshenie kachestva gosudarstvennykh uslug posredstvom vnedreniya sistem menedzhmenta kachestva [Improving the Quality of Public Services through the Introduction of Quality Management Systems]. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta ekonomiki i finansov, 2012, no 6(78), pp. 9–17.

3. Kozhevnikov S.A. Povyshenie effektivnosti gosudarstvennogo upravleniya — klyuchevaya zadacha dlya sovremennoy Rossii [Improving the Efficiency of Public Administration is a Key Task for Modern Russia]. Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’nye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz, 2017, vol. 10, no 3, pp. 78–99.

4. Golovtsova I.G., Terent’eva K.D. Effektivnost’ gosudarstvennogo upravleniya kak instrument povysheniya kachestva zhizni naseleniya: Sovremennyy menedzhment: problemy i perspektivy: Sb. statey po itogam XVI Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, Sankt-Peterburg, 29–30 aprelya 2021 g. [Efficiency of Public Administration as a Tool for Improving the Quality of Life of the Population: Modern Management: Problems and Prospects: Collection of articles from the XVI International Scientific and Practical Conference, St. Petersburg, April 29–30, 2021]. Saint Petersburg, Sankt-Peterburgskiy gosudarstvennyy ekonomicheskiy universitet, 2021, pp. 26–31.

5. O’Loughlin C.T., Wilson P.W. Benchmarking the performance of US Municipalities. Empir Econ., 2021, no 60, 2665–2700, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00181-021-02026-2

6. Geys B., Heinemann F, Kalb A. Local Government Efficiency in German Municipalities. RuR. 2013 Aug. 31;71(4):283–293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13147-012-0191-x

7. Kryukov S.V. Model’ formirovaniya reytinga gubernatorov na osnove otsenki urovnya i kachestva zhizni v regione [A Model for the Formation of a Rating of Governors based on an Assessment of the Level and Quality of Life in the Region]. Vektor ekonomiki, 2018, no 8(26), pp. 12–17.

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.194.2024.116-123

The author of the article analyzes trends in the development of innovation activity from 2005 to 2021 in the six largest urban agglomerations of Russia — Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Kazan, Yekaterinburg and Novosibirsk. As a result of the study, it was determined that in order to further realize the innovative potential of the largest urban agglomerations as sources of economic growth of the country, it is necessary to finance and support industries engaged in innovative types of economic activities, develop mechanisms for integrating science and business, build and develop inter-agglomeration (interregional) connections and cooperation in scientific-technological development.

References:

1. Aganbegyan A.G. O prioritetnom razvitii sfery ekonomiki znaniy [On the Priority Development of the Knowledge Economy Sphere]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2021, no 1(67), pp. 15–22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.37930/1990-9780-2021-1-67-15-22

2. Ushvitskiy L.I., Ter-Grigor’yants A.A., Rebiy A.P. Sovremennye tendentsii razvitiya innovatsionnykh protsessov v rossiyskoy ekonomike [Modern Trends in the Development of Innovation Processes in the Russian Economy]. Vestnik Severo-Kavkazskogo federal’nogo universiteta, 2017, no 2(59), pp. 120–128.

3. Shamina L.K. Vliyanie ekonomicheskoy kon”yunktury na innovatsionnuyu aktivnost’ otechestvennykh predpriyatiy [Influence of the Economic Situation on the Innovation Activity of Domestic Enterprises]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2021, no 4(70), pp. 147–155, DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.37930/1990-9780-2021-4-70-147-155

4. Kochetkov S.V., Kochetkova O.V. Innovatsionnoe sostoyanie ekonomiki regiona kak glavnoe uslovie snizheniya mezhterritorial’nogo neravenstva [Innovative State of the Regional Economy as the Main Condition for Reducing Interterritorial Inequality]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2023, no 1(75), pp. 50–55, DOI: https://doi.org/10.37930/1990-9780-2023-1-75-50-55

5. Mikhaylov A.S., Kuznetsova T.Yu., Peker I.Yu. Tipologiya regionov po ikh funktsional’noy roli v innovatsionnom prostranstve Rossii [Typology of Regions According to their Functional Role in the Innovation Space of Russia]. Regional’nye issledovaniya, 2019, no 4, pp. 46–57, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5922/1994-5280-2019-4-4

6. Rasporyazhenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 13 fevralya 2019 g. N 207-r “Strategiya prostranstvennogo razvitiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii na period do 2025 goda” [Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 13, 2019 No. 207-r “Strategy for spatial development of the Russian Federation

for the period until 2025”], available at: http://static.government.ru/media/files/UVAlqUtT08o60RktoOXl22JjAe7irNxc.pdf

7. Regiony Rossii. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie pokazateli. 2022: Stat. sb. [Regions of Russia. Socio-economic Indicators. 2022: Statistical Book]. Moscow, Rosstat, 2022, 1122 p., available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Region_Pokaz_2022.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.118-125

Current economic and geopolitical situation calls for the need to solve the problems of air transport accessibility in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation with maximum financial efficiency and in the shortest possible time. To this end, it seems expedient to use the existing fleet of An-2 aircraft, which have proven themselves to be simple and reliable in harsh Arctic conditions. Minor and inexpensive modifications to the airframe and power plant, application of a modern domestic flight navigation system and autopilot will make this aircraft even more in-demand and competitive.

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.108-117

The article dwells on the author’s concept of implementing the industrial policy of the Russian Federation based on the principles of target-costing, behavioral economics and TBC-costing, permitting to increase the accuracy of planning the cost and price of cluster products; objectivity of settlements between participants of a single end-to-end technological process (USTP). In accordance with the proposed concept, theoretical foundations for implementing the industrial policy of the Russian Federation are developed. Methodology for forming the end-to-end cost of an industrial cluster, cluster-costing, is described, which, unlike the existing one, has a very high accuracy, which in its turn contributes to more efficient implementation of the industrial policy of the Russian Federation. The author presents a new method for conducting factor analysis of a clustercosting, which allows us to more accurately identify the reasons for deviations of the actual cluster-costing from the planned value, determine the responsibility of each USTP participant, including within the process, as well as obtain a fair mechanism for adjusting the cost of a cluster order. The article proposes an algorithm allowing to manage the cluster order for industrial clusters, taking into account the principle of fairness, which makes it possible to harmonize relationships in the chain “state – enterprises — participants in a single end-to-end technological process.”

References:

1. Federal’nyy zakon ot 29 dekabrya 2012 g. N 275-FZ “O gosudarstvennom oboronnom zakaze” (s izm. i dop.) [Federal Law of December 29, 2012 No. 275-FZ “On State Defense Order” (as amended and supplemented)]. Garant, available at: https://base.garant.ru/70291366/

2. Postanovlenie Pravitel’stva RF ot 2 dekabrya 2017 g. N 1465 “O gosudarstvennom regulirovanii tsen na produktsiyu, postavlyaemuyu po gosudarstvennomu oboronnomu zakazu, a takzhe o vnesenii izmeneniy i priznanii utrativshimi silu nekotorykh aktov Pravitel’stva RF” (s izm. i dop.) [Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 2, 2017 No. 1465 “On state regulation of prices for products supplied under the state defense order, as well as on amending and invalidating certain acts of the Government of the Russian Federation” (as amended and supplemented)]. Garant, available at: https://base.garant.ru/71825654/

3. Federal’nyy zakon ot 5 aprelya 2013 g. N 44-FZ “O kontraktnoy sisteme v sfere zakupok tovarov, rabot, uslug dlya obespecheniya gosudarstvennykh i munitsipal’nykh nuzhd” (s izm. i dop.) [Federal Law of April 5, 2013 No. 44-FZ “On the contract system in the field of procurement of goods, works, services to meet state and municipal needs” (as amended and supplemented)]. Garant, available at: https://base.garant.ru/70353464

4. Federal’nyy zakon ot 31 dekabrya 2014 g. N 488-FZ “O promyshlennoy politike v Rossiyskoy Federatsii” (s izm. i dop.) [Federal Law of December 31, 2014 No. 488-FZ “On Industrial Policy in the Russian Federation” (as amended and supplemented)]. Garant, available at: https://base.garant.ru/70833138/

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.164.2019.136-141

The growing role of knowledge in the list of the main production factors has predetermined the emergence of such economy branch as the knowledge economy. The knowledge economy is becoming a source of growth and development of both an individual organization or enterprise, and the region as a whole. The issues of regional development of the knowledge economy today are actively discussed both at various business sites and at the level of government authorities. In particular, on June 8–9, 2018, the VII Central Russian Economic Forum was held in Kursk, dedicated to the knowledge economy problems in the context of regional development. The article presents a generalized analysis of the issues discussed at the forum in the aspect of scientific and innovative development of the region. Particular attention is paid to the universities’ role in the knowledge economy formation, since the latter are unique drivers for developing innovation and scientific-technological development in the region. The study resulted in the assumption that formation of a knowledge economy in the regional context will become possible in case of active involvement of the regional universities in this process

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.164.2019.128-134

The article proposes solutions to an urgent challenge: transforming Russian regions into the territories of advanced development taking advantage of technologies of the fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0. The paper dwells on advantages and problems of introducing the Industry 4.0 technologies, proposals on cooperation of the state and business for introducing technologies of Industry 4.0 at the industrial level and for their promotion among the population.

According to a number of leading Russian experts in the field of strategy designing and forecasting, in Ust-Kachka they managed to organize the work of the “factory of the new generation thought”. Combination of conceptual, strategic and event levels when considering, not only the predictive assembly by the PEST directions, but also joining into the matrix by the levels “World” – “Country” – “Region” allowed to provide a very high percentage of coincidences between forecast and the fact. Economic Strategies magazine considers it necessary to get acquainted its readers with the results of Ust-Kachka – 2018.

Calculation data of the multifactorial “Strategic Matrix” model methodology showed stability of the relatively low value of Russia’s integral index. However, just such static character of the calculated indicator means an increase of problems in the Russian society, which is evidently shown by hard decline in social support for the authorities activities. Another reelection of V.V. Putin as the President of Russia did not result in prospects for a way out of the crisis in the minds of Russian citizens.