DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-6.186.2022.118-125

This article discusses various aspects of the situation of import substitution in the field of perfumery and cosmetics retail, which has developed in the Russian Federation in the middle of 2022. The author analyzes the changes that have occurred in the market after the tightening of sanctions and restrictions by Western countries. Further trends in the development of the domestic perfumery and cosmetics market are revealed. It is concluded that the events taking place not only have negative aspects, but also provide ample opportunities for domestic producers. The Russian market and the perfume and cosmetics industry itself are waiting for serious internal transformations in the coming years, but the market capacity cannot decrease and will tend to increase, which determines the need for effective import substitution based on the development of own production and increased supplies from friendly countries.

References:

1. Shmidt M. B’yuti-rynok Rossii: vzglyad top-menedzhera ekspata [Russian Beauty Market: View of an Expat Top Manager]. E-xecutive.ru, available at: https://www.e-xecutive.ru/management/practices/1992062-beauty-rynok-rossii-vzglyad-top-menedzhera-ekspata.

2. Importozameshchenie v sfere kosmeticheskogo osnashcheniya [Import Substitution in the Field of Cosmetic Equipment]. Postavshchiki mashin i oborudovaniya, available at: https://www.oborudunion.ru/publications/releases/34398.

3. Andrianova D. Kraski bleknut. Kosmetika dorozhaet i plokho importiruetsya [Colors Are Fading. Cosmetics Become More Expensive and Poorly Imported]. Kommersant”, 2022, 3 marta.

4. Mertsalova A., Kostyrev A. Parfyumeriya zapakhla defitsitom [Perfumes Started Smelling of Deficiency]. Kommersant”, 2022, 26 marta.

5. Bezuglova V. V ozhidanii renessansa rossiiskoi kosmetiki [Waiting for the Renaissance of Russian cosmetics]. Ekspert, 2022, no 23, available at: https://expert.ru/expert/2022/23/v-ozhidanii-renessansa-rossiyskoy-kosmetiki.

6. Kobits E. Kosmeticheskie perspektivy: peredel rynka na ruku rossiiskim brendam [Cosmetic Prospects: Market Redistribution Is on Hand to Russian Brands]. Ekspert, 2022, 20 aprelya, available at: https://expert.ru/2022/04/20/kosmeticheskiye-perspektivy-peredel-rynka-na-ruku-rossiyskim-brendam.

7. Kobits E. Rossiiskaya kosmetika pokazala nereal’nyi rezul’tat [Russian Cosmetics Showed an Unrealistic Result]. Ekspert, 2022, 1 iyunya, available at: https://expert.ru/2022/06/1/rossiyskaya-kosmetika-probivayet-potolok.

8. Minpromtorg isklyuchil sokrashchenie assortimenta kosmetiki i parfyumerii [Ministry of Industry and Trade Ruled Out a Reduction in the Range of Cosmetics and Perfumes]. Retail Loyalty, available at: https://retail-loyalty.org/news/minpromtorg-isklyuchil-sokrashchenie-assortimenta-kosmetiki-i-parfyumerii.

9. Rynok kosmetiki v Rossii (s vidami), vliyanie sanktsii (s dannymi za yanvar’ — fevral’ 2022 g.): issledovanie i prognoz do 2026 g. Vypusk: 2022 g., iyun’ [Cosmetics Market in Russia (with Types), Impact of Sanctions (with Data for January — February 2022): Research and Forecast until 2026. Issue: 2022, June]. ROIF Expert, available at: https://roif-expert.ru/potrebitelskie-tovary/sredstva-po-uhodu/rynok-kosmetiki/rynok-kosmetiki-v-rossii-issledovanie-i-prognoz.html.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-5.185.2022.6-11

The goal of the study is an attempt to rethink the role of Foreign Direct Investment, Industrial Policy and others phenomenon.

The author propose a new analysis of them in today’s conditions and circumstances. This article uses statistics published by OECD and IMF. The article pays particular attention to different approaches of certain countries (USSR, Russia, Italy, South Korea) in the field of import of Foreign Direct Investment and in the field of the Industrial Policy. Based on many years of the author’s experience in the Russian banking sphere and Russian business, the author puts forward certain economic advice to regulators in Russia.

References:

1. IMF. World Economic Outlook — Rising Caseloads, a Disrupted Recovery, and Higher Inflation. Washington, DC, 2022.

2. IMF. World Economic Outlook — War Sets Back the Global Recovery. Washington, DC, 2022.

3. Soboleva Inna. Les experts russes redoutent une guerre mondiale d’ici dix ans. FR. Russia Beyond, 2013, April 16, available at: https://fr.rbth.com/tech/2013/04/16/les_experts_russes_redoutent_une_guerre_mondiale_dici_dix_ans_23165.

4. Glazyev S. How to win the war. Top War, 2014, July 26, available at: https:www.en.topwar.ru.

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6. Trotsky L. La courbe du d velopppement capitaliste. Marxists, 1923, Avril 21, available at: https://www.marxists.org/francais/trotsky/oeuvres/1923/04/lt19230421.htm.

7. Pokidchenko M.G. Sushchestvuet li ekonomicheskii tsikl? [Is there an Economic Cycle]. Voprosy teoreticheskoi ekonomiki, 2017, no 1, pp. 66–73, available at: http://questionset.ru/files/arch/2017/2017-N1/VTE_2017_1.pdf.

8. Ershov M.V, Lokhmachev V.F., Tatuzov V.Yu, Tanasova A.S. Global’nyi krizis (sravnitel’nyi analiz tsiklicheskikh protsessov) [About Tendencies of Global Crisis]. Bankovskoe delo, 2009, no 5, pp. 16–20, available at: https://www.elibrary.ru/contents.asp?id=33338082.

9.FDI in Fugures. Paris, OECD, 2022, April, available at: www.oecd.org.

10. Putin V. Economic Tasks. Working Day, 2012, January, 30, available at: http://archive.premier.gov.ru/eng/events/news/17888/

11. Ministerial Decree No. 328 validating the State Program of the Russian Federation “Development of industry and increase of its competitiveness” (аpril 2014), available at: http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/rus170671.pdf.

12. Federal Law No. 488-FZ of December 31, 2014 “On Industrial Policy”. FAO, available at: https://www.fao.org/faolex/results/details/ru/c/LEX-FAOC170671/

13. Vstrecha s chlenami pravitel’stva [Meeting with Governments Members]. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, 2022, 23 marta, available at: http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/68037.

14. Idrisov G.I. Promyshlennaya politika Rossii v sovremennykh usloviyakh [Towards Modern Industrial Policy for Russia]. Moscow, Izd-vo Instituta Gaidara, 2016.

15. Strukturno-investitsionnaya politika v tselyakh ustoichivogo rosta i modernizatsii ekonomiki: Nauchnyi doklad [Structural and Investment Policy for Sustainable Growth and Modernization of the Economy: Scientific Report]. Pod red. V.V. Ivantera. Moscow, INP RAN, 2016.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-5.106.2022.79-86

Import substitution as a factor in the growth of domestic production in 2022 is again a relevant process, firstly, due to the consequences of geopolitical tensions, which entailed, among other things, the outflow of personnel, and secondly, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in destruction of established logistics links and supply chains.

The article analyzes the process of import substitution on the example of the largest Russian generating company in the nuclear industry – the State Corporation «Rosatom».

DOI: 10.33917/es-3.169.2020.6-17

Import substitution in the energy sector requires development in Russia of a group of new industries and modernization of existing capacities. That calls for integrating the structures of fundamental and applied science, education, power engineering production, energy generation and electricity transport in the framework of a complete innovation cycle. The key to the problem solution is forming an integrated mechanism for planning and management of scientific-research, power engineering and electric power segments as parts of a single technological chain of work and procurement from basic research to equipment disposal. The R&D result should be a package sectoral order for equipment and technologies — a new planning and coordination tool in the market environment of Russian energy and power engineering. It is proposed to build a new information control loop in the energy sector of Russia to form the basis of a package order within the industry in order to establish medium- and long-term scientific and technical planning for replacing retiring equipment, tracking contracts and monitoring results of their implementation

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.168.2020.20-31

Economic basis existing in the Russian Federation was formed in the 1990s, but it was developing and finally took shape in the early 2000s. It was the political struggle for its implementation that determined the form, structure and nature of the modern political superstructure. As shown by the experience of recent years, the formed basis and superstructure are not intended to carry out in-depth socio-economic reforms in Russia. At the same time, Western total Jesuit Russophobia, the growing power and the number of global challenges, as well as insufficient socio-economic development of the Russian Federation, necessitate fundamental changes. In this regard, the authors provide justification for the need and explore possible ways to modernize the existing political superstructure in the Russian Federation in order to create conditions that provide a powerful and effective Russia’s response to the global challenges of the nearest future

The article deals with the problems of the introduction of the digital economy in the defense industry, ensuring sustainable development and a significant increase in the efficiency of their production. Information technologies are the basis of automation of production processes and together with the formation of a single information space allow you to move to a new higher level of production management.

Introduction of sanctions, contrary to the statements of Russian politicians, has an impact on the Russian economy, and the impact is quite negative. The crisis in the Russian economy is confirmed by macro-indicators. Despite this, distortion of statistical data allows to demonstrate the illusion of economic growth, although it is seen only in certain sectors of economy. Real incomes of the population have also decreased and continue to fall down. The article proposes a number of strategic measures that will allow to minimize the damage caused by the imposed sanctions and even partially to benefit from them for the Russian economy.

The article describes technical and economic issues of providing defense potential in the aerospace sector under in conditions of increasing military and technological challenges and threats and implementing the strategy of import substitution. The paper presents analysis of the information-technological problems of development of domestic military-industrial complex enterprises — developers of aerospace defense systems, it identifies reserves for increasing their efficiency through introducing integrated information systems. On the example of “VNIIRT” JSC the paper presents prospects for implementing the lean manufacturing concept on the basis of product lifecycle management technology. It gives comparative characteristics of cooperation business models in the defense industry both in foreign countries and in Russia. The article identifies technological and organizational-economic factors of developing cooperation of the final integrators, sub-integrators and components suppliers in the military products manufacturing. It sets out system-forming elements of a risk-oriented approach to forming co-operation in the defense-industrial complex. The authors propose a mathematical model of risk indicator for the company-finalist when choosing the composition of enterprises participating in cooperation, based on aggregation of private indicators of scientific and technical, industrial and technological, financial and economic risks. They formulate long-term objectives for the proposed approach implementation with application of neural network technology.

Scientific and technical potential, formed under the state armaments program for the period up to 2015-2020 years, allowed to complete successfully in 2010-2013 the state tests of new electronic warfare (EW) equipment samples, recognized as the best in the world. Relevance of using special purpose aircraft and electronic warfare facilities in order to ensure the safety of Russian bombers flights and to prevent tragedies similar to recent one at the Syrian-Turkish border, is obvious. Military experts believe that the objective control means will help for certain to establish how and where the Russian bomber was shot down in order to eliminate all discrepancies in the matter. In his interview to the special columnist of the “ES” magazine Larisa Polkovnikova Viktor N. Grib, the general director of the Kaluga Research Institute of Radio Engineering (KNIRTI) told about the prospects and peculiarities of development of this MIC segment in JSC “KNIRTI”, one of the leading enterprises engaged in creating EW facilities.

Building a configuration of transboundary EAEU manufacturing technological complex, beneficial for member countries, including import-substituting production and sales structures, makes possible the gradual replacement of foreign suppliers by Russian (allied) producers. With the help of distributed-integrated information management system it is possible to “joint” the interests of various economic agents on the basis of heterogeneous system components (including business entities and physical objects) of the common EAEU economic space.