DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.70-75

The article dwells on the changes in the Market Index of “Economic Strategies” (MIES) for eleven months of 2023.

Contribution of demand and supply indicators to MIES is assessed. Analysis of industrial production is carried out.

References:

1. Itogi goda s Vladimirom Putinym: pryamaya liniya s grazhdanami i bol’shaya press-konferentsiya s predstavitelyami SMI 14 dekabrya 2023 goda [Results of the Year with Vladimir Putin: Direct Line with Citizens and a Large Press Conference with Media Representatives on December 14, 2023]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta RF, available at: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/7299

2. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii v yanvare — noyabre 2023 goda: Doklad [Socio-economic Situation in Russia in January — November 2023: Report]. Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoy statistiki, available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/osn-11-2023.pdf

3. Frenkel’ A.A., Tikhomirov B.I., Surkov A.A. Itogi strategicheskogo razvitiya Rossii v yanvare — aprele 2023 goda — luchshe pessimistichnykh prognozov [Outcomes of Russia’s Strategic Development in January-April 2023 are Better than Pessimistic Forecasts]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2023, no 4, pp. 86–91, DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.86-91

4. Obrashchenie Prezidenta RF V.V. Putina v svyazi s predsedatel’stvom RF v Ob”edinenii BRIKS [Address by the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin in Connection with the Russian Federation’s Chairmanship of the BRICS Association]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta RF, available at: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/73202

5. Kontseptsiya predsedatel’stva RF v Sodruzhestve Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv v 2024 godu [Concept of the Russian Federation’s Chairmanship of the Commonwealth of Independent States in 2024]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta RF, available at: http://kremlin.ru/events/president/news/73203

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.62-69

The paper deals with the problems of measuring the technological sovereignty of a country, region, the provision of which is set as a priority strategic task for the Russian economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of measuring technological sovereignty based on the available statistics on the technological development of the Russian economy and, on this basis, to propose an assessment method that involves expanding accounting capabilities. The theory of measurement and technological development is used as a methodology. Using this methodology, it is shown that the index and rating method for assessing the aggregated “technological sovereignty” does not allow obtaining its necessary measurement, especially since the indicator itself in an aggregated form is not of great value, since there is a dependence on technologies for specific types of activities and industries that localize technological specifics of development. A direct method for measuring technological sovereignty is proposed, for the implementation of which there is no statistics in practice, which actualizes changes in the system of statistical accounting of technological development. However, already at the theoretical level of analysis, it is possible to obtain that, from the point of view of a direct measurement method, in order for technological sovereignty to grow, an outstripping growth rate of domestic domestic technologies is necessary over the growth rate of their total number, taking into account imports. In addition, if we introduce the concept of obsolete and new technologies, then in order to increase technological sovereignty, measured by the direct method as the ratio of the number of imported technologies to the number of domestic technologies of this type of activity, the growth rate of new technologies within the country must outstrip the difference between the weighted growth rates of the number of imported and obsolete domestic technologies. This condition is derived analytically precisely, confirming the importance of measuring and accounting for various technologies for specific activities.

References:

1. Glaz’ev S.Yu. Nanotekhnologii kak klyuchevoy faktor novogo tekhnologicheskogo uklada v ekonomike [Nanotechnology as a Key Factor in the New Technological Order in the Economy]. Moscow, Trovant, 2009, 304 p.

2. Sukharev O.S. Ekonomika promyshlennosti, tekhnologiy i intellektual’nykh firm [Economics of Industry, Technology and Intellectual Firms]. Moscow, Lenand, 2022, 304 p.

3. Sukharev O.S. Tekhnologicheskiy suverenitet: resheniya na makroekonomicheskom i otraslevom urovne [Technological Sovereignty: Solutions at the Macroeconomic and Industry Level]. Mikroekonomika, 2023, no 2, pp. 19–33.

4. Chichkanov V.P., Sukharev O.S. Reytingi v upravlenii ekonomikoy: informativnost’ i tselesoobraznost’ [Ratings in Economic Management: Informativeness and Expediency]. Nauchnyy vestnik OPK Rossii, 2021, no 3, pp. 72–82.

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.54-61

High dynamics of geopolitical changes, enhanced by expansion of the range of challenges facing the country, have exposed new requirements for government and economic management. The speed with which these requirements should be realized raises the issue of the need for a technological breakthrough in the field of management. And the scale of shifts in the global economy requires special attention to strategic planning, raising its role in the public administration system to a level that will ensure all government bodies’ orientation towards achieving the goals of social development that are being formed right now.

The article dwells on the issues of strategic planning technologization, the challenges to which a new strategic planning system should respond, some risks of digital transformation of the public administration sector and possible directions for overcoming them.

References:

1. Aver’yanov M.A., Evtushenko S.N., Kochetova E.Yu. Tsifrovoe obshchestvo: novye vyzovy [Strategic Planning — Necessary Condition for Developing the Vital Activity of Modern Society]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2017, no 6, pp. 166–175.

2. Ukaz Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 8 noyabrya 2021 g. N 633 “Ob utverzhdenii Osnov gosudarstvennoy politiki v sfere strategicheskogo planirovaniya v Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of November 8, 2021 No. 633 “On approval of theFundamentals of State Policy in the Sphere of Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”]. Garant, available at: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/402915816/

3. Putin prizval rasshirit’ natsional’nye tseli razvitiya [Putin called for expanding national development goals]. RIA Novosti, 2023, 21 dekabrya, available at: https://ria.ru/20231221/putin-1917226925.html?in=l

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.42-53

Particular attention is paid to assessing the consequences of the spread of transhumanism as an ideology aimed at using the high transformative potential of convergent technologies not in line with humanistic values, but for deforming effect on humans, society and nature, which creates conditions for increasing social inequality and implementation of a model of a new social order based on the principles of “cybernetic totalitarianism”. The author raises a question of the need to create an alternative to transhumanism theory, based on socio-humanism and noospherism, which will allow using the creative possibilities of convergent technologies (primarily nature-like ones) to form a nature-like (bio-like) technosphere, on the one hand, and on the other hand – to improve the quality of life and to overcome severe physical and mental illnesses of a human. The role of bioethics and biopolitics in reducing the environmental, biosocial and socio-humanitarian risks of using new technologies is assessed.

References:

1. Kondrat’ev N.D. Bol’shie tsikly kon”yunktury i teoriya predvideniya. Izbrannye trudy [Large Conjuncture Cycles and the Theory of Foresight. Selected works]. Moscow, Ekonomika, 2002, 767 p.

2. Dement’ev V.E. Tsikly Kondra’’eva i postindustrial’naya ekonomika [Kondratieff Cycles and Post-industrial Economy]. Ekonomicheskaya nauka sovremennoy Rossii, 2018, no 4, pp. 7–19.

3. Sokolova S.N. O nekotorykh zadachakh filosofii v kontekste perspektiv tekhnologizatsii cheloveka [On Some Philosophy Tasks in the Context of Human Technologization Prospects]. Izvestiya TGU. Gumanitarnye nauki, 2015, no 1, pp. 19–30.

4. Kas’yanov V.V. Sotsium i chelovek v usloviyakh nauchno-tekhnicheskogo progressa [Society and a Man in the Context of Scientific and Technological Progress]. Obshchestvo: sotsiologiya, psikhologiya, pedagogika, 2012, no 1, pp. 11–15.

5. Khristolyubova N.E., Khudorenko E.A. Zarubezhnyy opyt sotsial’nykh posledstviy nauchno-tekhnicheskogo razvitiya: mesto obrazovaniya [Foreign Experience of Social Consequences of Scientific-Technological Development: Place of Education]. Otkrytoe obrazovanie, 2016, vol. 20, no 3, pp. 61–68.

6. Koval’chuk M.V. Ideologiya prirodopodobnykh tekhnologiy [Ideology of Nature-Like Technologies]. Moscow, Fizmatlit, 2021, 336 p.

7. Koval’chuk M.V, Naraykin O.S, Yatsyshina E.B. Prirodopodobnye tekhnologii — novye vozmozhnosti i novye vyzovy [Nature-Like Technologies – New Opportunities and New Challenges]. Vestnik Rossiyskoy Akademii nauk, 2019, vol. 89, no 5, pp. 455–465, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0869-5873895455-465

8. Buyanova M.E. Identifikatsiya i otsenka stranovykh riskov razvitiya konvergentnykh tekhnologiy [Identification and Assessment of Country Risks in Developing Convergent Technologies]. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, 2021, vol. 23, no 1, pp. 40–51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2021.1.3

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.36-41

In modern economic conditions, the study of competitive potential of the machine-building complex of the Republic of Belarus allows us to assess the prospects for growth of the potential share of domestic producers in foreign markets, increase the share of high-tech exports, as well as to elaborate a strategy for developing mechanical engineering complex taking into account micro- and macroenvironmental factors. To achieve the objectives, the authors propose methodological approaches to studying the competitive potential of the machine-building complex of the Republic of Belarus, the peculiarity of which is the optimal combination of theoretical and methodological tools for analyzing competitiveness based on domestic and foreign experience.

References:

1. Bakirova E.Yu. Teoreticheskie osnovy upravleniya razvitiem proizvodstva v regione [Theoretical Basis for Managing Production Development in the Region]. Obshchestvo: politika, ekonomika, parvo, 2014, no 1, pp. 82–85.

2. Diagramma Isikavy kak metod analiza problem kompanii [Ishikawa Diagram as a Method for Analyzing Company Problems], available at: https:// cyberleninka.ru/article/n/diagramma-isikavy-kak-metod-analiza-problem-kompanii

3. List of exporters for the selected product. ITC, available at: https://www.trademap.org/Country_SelProduct_TS

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.26-35

The article examines the prospects for hydrocarbon, renewable and nuclear energy in Uzbekistan. Results of forecasting the dynamics of oil, gas and uranium production until the middle of the 21st century and then are presented. The authors substantiate the conclusion that nuclear generation, having economic and environmental advantages, is competitive in the long term only if two-component nuclear energy is developed due to the exhaustibility of uranium in Uzbekistan.

References:

1. GDP per capita (current US$) — Uzbekistan. The World Bank Data, available at: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD?locations = UZ

2. The World Factbook — Uzbekistan. CIA. URL: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/uzbekistan/

3. Muinov D.A., Kostyuchenko Z.M. Strategicheskie napravleniya razvitiya promyshlennosti Uzbekistana na perspektivu [Strategic Directions of the Industry Development in Uzbekistan for the Future]. Ekonomika: analizy i prognozy, 2019, no 1, pp. 63–68.

4. Otkrytye dannye — Promyshlennost’ [Open Data – Industry]. Agentstvo statistiki pri Prezidente Respubliki Uzbekistan, available at: https://stat.uz/ru/ofitsialnaya-statistika/industry

5. BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2022. Uckfield, Pureprint Group Ltd., 2022, 60 p.

6. Uranium in Uzbekistan. WNA, available at: https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/country-profiles/countries-t-z/uzbekistan.aspx

7. Data and Statistics. IEA, available at: https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-browser?country = UZBEKISTAN

8. Kharitonov V.V., Ul’yanin Yu.A., Sliva D.E. Analiticheskoe modelirovanie dinamiki ischerpaniya nevozobnovlyaemykh traditsionnykh energeticheskikh resursov [Analytical Modeling of the Depletion Dynamics for Non-Renewable Traditional Energy Resources]. Vestnik NIYaU MIFI, 2019, vol. 8, no 3, pp. 298–307.

9. Statistika po global’nomu energeticheskomu perekhodu [Global Energy Transition Statistics]. Dannye o mirovoy energetike i klimate. Ezhegodnik-2021, available at: https://yearbook.enerdata.ru

10. The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Finance & Investment, available at: https://www.irena.org/financeinvestment. Statistics Time

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11. A carbon-neutral electricity sector in Uzbekistan. Summary for policymakers. Birmingham, Corporate Solutions Limited, 13 p.

12. Ivanov G.A., Voloshin N.P., Ganeev A.S., et al. Vzryvnaya deyterievaya energetika. Snezhinsk, RFYaTs-VNIITF, 2004, 288 p.

13. Energy Return on Investment. World Nuclear Association, available at: https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/energy-and-the-environment/energyreturn-

on-investment.aspx

14. Uzbekistan Power Sector Master Plan. Vol. 1 to 3, Mott MacDonald & Corporate Solutions, 2019, available at: https://www.mottmac.com/releases/uzbekistanspower-

sector-masterplan-commits-to-clean-energy

15. Mineral Requirements for Electricity Generation. World Nuclear Association, available at: https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/energy-and-theenvironment/

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.18-25

Article explains current status of the Japanese nuclear industry as for mid 2023. It unveils political and economic factors and directions of its renaissance 12 year after the Fukushima Dai-Ichi NPP disaster in 2011. The contradiction of this process and the declared by the Japanese government Green Transformation (GX) initiative is underlined. Article lists limits of political, economic, technological and social nature which will define the actual success of the proposed nuclear program. Creation of the industrial and technological as well as political and social base of the fusion energy and fusion manufacturing industries is considered as the strategic reason for pushing the nuclear renaissance through these limits, as the way to the global leadership and domination of the Japanese ‘Society 5.0’. Special attention is paid to the strong will of the Japanese government to pragmatically sacrifices democratic values, concentrate all available resources, and set ambitious targets to win in this sumo fight and be first to build ‘thermonuclear Japan’. Also the specific side of the nuclear energy development — building up the Japanese nuclear weapon potential — is considered as the way to mitigate both geo- and technopolitical risks.

References:

1. G7 Hiroshima Leaders’ Communiqué [Website]. 2023, May, 20, available at: https://www.g7hiroshima.go.jp/documents/pdf/Leaders_Communique_01_en.pdf

2. Japan takes the lead in collaboration on the global energy transition. (Paid for and created by Government of Japan). Reuters Plus, available at: https://www.reuters.com/plus/japan-takes-the-lead-in-collaboration-on-the-global-energy-transition

3. Сarbon neutrality. Global Issues. Government of Japan [Website], available at: https://www.japan.go.jp/global_issues/carbon_neutrality/index.html

4. Overview of the Japanese Green Transformation (GX). GR Japan [Website]. 2023, January, available at: https://grjapan.com/sites/default/files/content/

articles/files/gr_japan_overview_of_gx_plans_january_2023.pdf

5. Towards Green Transformation (GX). Main points. (Provisional translation). Keidanren [Website]. 2022, May, 17, available at: https://www.keidanren.or.jp/en/policy/2022/043_point.pdf

6. Kishida eyes nuclear plant restart in green transformation push. The Japan Times, 2022, July, 28, available at: https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/07/28/business/koichi-hagiuda-green-minister-post/

7. Innovatsionnaya strategiya termoyadernoy energetiki [Innovative strategy for fusion energy]. Kabinet ministrov Yaponii, 2023, 14 aprelya, available at:

https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/fusion/fusion_senryaku.pdf

8. Integrated Innovation Strategy. Cabinet of Japan, 2022. June, 3, available at: https://www8.cao.go.jp/cstp/english/strategy_2022.pdf

9. Outline of Strategic Energy Plan. Agency for Natural Resources and Energy of Japan, 2021, October, available at: https://www.enecho.meti.go.jp/en/category/others/basic_plan/pdf/6th_outline.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.12-17

The problem of the economic policies ontology is examined. Paradigms define practices and scenarios for the future.

Crisis of the “mainstream” and the polymorphic structure of the world economy imply an intensive search for new theoretical and practical solutions.

References:

[1–8] in № 6(192)/2023, p. 51.

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10. Glaz’ev S.Yu. Za gorizontom kontsa istorii [Beyond the Horizon of the History End]. Moscow, Prospekt, 2021, pp. 382–388.

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12. Bodrunov S.D. Nooindustrial’noe obshchestvo: shag k neekonomicheskomu razvitiyu [New Industrial Society: A Step Toward Non-Economic Development]. Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2018, no 1(55), pp. 5–15.

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Problemy tsifrovoy real’nosti (2–3 fevralya 2023 g., Moskva) [The Woven World: Russian Report to the Club of Rome: Designing the Future. Problems of digital reality (February 2–3, 2023, Moscow)]. Pod red. G.G. Malinetskogo. Moscow, IPM im. M.V. Keldysha, 2023, 360 p., pp. 97–120.

18. Ageev A.I. Spletennyy mir: global’nye vyzovy I sverkhvyzovy: Ekonomika Rossii i mira v epokhu smeny mirokhozyaystvennykh ukladov: teoriya, metodologiya, praktika: Sb. tezisov dokladov uchastnikov XV Pushchinskogo simpoziuma po evolyutsionnoy ekonomike [The Intertwined World: Global

Challenges and Super-challenges: The Economy of Russia and the World in the Era of Changing World Economic Structures: Theory, Methodology, Practice: Sat. abstracts of reports of participants of the XV Pushchino Symposium on Evolutionary Economics]. Moscow, IE RAN, 2023, 170 p., pp. 93–95.

19. Ageev A.I., Gromov V.A., Kamionskiy S.A., Pereslegin S.B., et al. Spletennyy mir: koshka perevernulas’: Doklad Rimskomu klubu: Rezyume doklada [The Intertwined World: The Cat Turned Over: Report to the Club of Rome: Summary of the Report]. Moscow, MNIIPU, 2023, 52 p.

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.193.2024.5