Mathematical Poetry Knight

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.130-137

The present article is an essay dedicated to the life and work of mathematician Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov.

References:

1. Kolmogorov v vospominaniyakh: posvyashchaetsya 120-letiyu velikogo uchenogo Rossii, krupneyshego matematika XX veka Andreya Nikolaevicha Kolmogorova (25.IV.1903–20.X.1987) [Kolmogorov in Memories: Dedicated to the 120th Anniversary of the Great Russian Scientist, the Greatest Mathematician of the 20th Century Andrei Nikolaevich Kolmogorov (25.IV.1903–20.X.1987)]. Red.-sost. A.N. Shiryaev. Moscow, Izd-vo Moskovskogo tsentra nepreryvnogo matematicheskogo obrazovaniya, 2023, 576 p.

2. Dolgov K.M. Iz vospominaniy o moey uchebe v MGU i rektore akademike Ivane Georgieviche Petrovskom: V kn.: Dolgov K.M. Sila slova, mysli, obraza [From the Memories of my Studies at Moscow State University and the Rector, Academician Ivan Georgievich Petrovsky: Dolgov K.M. The Power of Words, Thoughts, Images]. Vol. 2. Moscow, Berlin, Direkt-Media, 2016, pp. 509–517.

On the Question of Driving Forces Behind the Creation in 1925 of a “Legal Mechanism for ‘Pushing’ Germany” to the East

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.121-129

The article examines the driving forces that created, on the basis of the final documents of the Locarno Conference of 1925, the “legal mechanism for ‘pushing’ Germany to the East”. The actors in this process were located not only in Germany itself, but primarily outside its borders. The first group included a number of representatives of the ruling circles of Germany, in particular Chancellor Hans Luther and Foreign Minister Gustav Stresemann, as well as representatives of industrial and financial circles, led by the protégé of the thalassocratic bankers, the German financier Hjalmar Schacht. The second group should include a certain part of the ruling circles of England (Austen Chamberlain, Edgar Vincent D’Abernon, etc.), the USA (President Calvin Coolidge, etc.), and France (Prime Minister Aristide Briand, etc.). The most significant role was played by financiers — director of the Bank of England Montagu Collett Norman and director of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York Benjamin Strong.

References:

1. Mackinder H.J. Democratic Ideals and Reality. A Study in the Politics of Reconstruction. London, Constable and Company Ltd, 1919, 273 p.

2. Morozov S.V. K voprosu o sozdanii v 1925 g. pravovogo mekhanizma “podtalkivaniya” Germanii na Vostok [On the Issue of the Creation in 1925 of a

Legal Mechanism for “Pushing” Germany to the East]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2016, no 412, Noyabr’, p. 84–88, available at: http://

journals.tsu.ru/vestnik/&journal_page=archive&id=1482

3. Nikonova S.V. Germaniya i Angliya ot Lokarno do Lozanny [Germany and England from Locarno to Lausanne]. Moscow, 1966, 345 p.

4. Spaight J.M. Pseudo-Security. L. — N.Y. — Toronto, 1928, 177 p.

5. Foreign Relations of the United States. Vol. I. Washington, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1954, 1015 p.

6. D’Abernon, Viscount. Botschafter der Zeitwende. Bd. III. Leipzig, 1929–1930, 349 s.

7. Luther H. Politiker ohne Partei. Erinnerungen. Stuttgart, 1960, 437 p.

8. Lokarnskaya konferentsiya 1925 g. Dokumenty [Locarno Conference 1925. Documents]. Moscow, 1959, 512 p.

9. D’Abernon, Lord. An Ambassador of Peace. Pages from the Diary of Viscount d’Abernon. Vol. III. 1924–1926. London, 1930, 317 p.

10. Petrie Ch. The Life and Letters of the Right Honoured Sir Austen Chamberlain. Vol. II, London, 1940, 476 p.

11. Chicago Tribune. March 6, 1925.

12. World. May 10, 1925.

13. Dokumenty vneshney politiki SSSR [Documents of the USSR Foreign Policy]. Vol. VIII, Moscow, 1963, 864 c.

14. Times. March 19, 1925.

15. Peace in Our Time. Adresses on Europe and the Empire by the Right Hon. Sir Austen Chamberlain. London, 1928. 308 p.

16. New York Times. May 5, 1925.

17. Zimmerman L. Deutsche Aussenpolitik in der Ära der Weimarer Republik. Göttingen, 1958, 486 p.

18. New York Times. July 27, 1925.

19. New York Times. July 29, 1925.

20. New York Times. July 27, 1925.

21. Times. August 12, 1925.

Engineers’ Offices in Russia at the End of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Century. Plans to Achieve the Best

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.112-121

The article examines the issue of creation and development of offices organized by engineers in Russia at the turn of the late 19th – early 20th centuries. The subject of the study includes the questions regarding fortunes of office owners and their activities in various regions of the country, the question of how to build trusting relationships with clients. The author gives an example of conditions that allowed office owners to successfully develop their business.

References:

1. Yachmennikova N. Kogda v Rossii poyavitsya polnotsennaya otrasl’ bespilotnykh aviasistem [When will a Full-fledged Unmanned Aerial Systems Industry Appear in Russia?]. Rossiyskaya gazeta — Federal’nyy vypusk, 2023, 23 aprelya, no 88(9033).

2. Kommersant” [Kommersant]. 2023, 28 marta, no 52, p. 10, available at: https://kommersant.ekiosk.pro/?mid=42607

3. Karpova L.I. Osnovopolozhnik mirovoy aviatsii — Sikorskiy Igor’ Ivanovich [The Founder of World Aviation — Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky]. Vestnik nauki i obrazovaniya, 2020, no 13(91), part 1, p. 40.

4. Kirillova N. Glavnyy po santekhnike: kak zarabotat’ milliony na avariynykh i inzhenernykh uslugakh [Plumbing Chief: How to Make Millions on Emergency and Engineering Services]. biz360, 2019, 24 dekabrya, available at: https://biz360.ru/materials/glavnyy-po-santekhnike-kak-zarabotat-milliony-na-avariynykh-i-inzhenernykh-uslugakh

5. Zalesov V.G. Inzhenerno-stroitel’nye firmy v Sibiri v kontse XIX — nachale XX veka [Engineering and Construction Firms in Siberia in the Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries]. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel’nogo universiteta, 2008, no 2(19), p. 6.

6. Vanaev V.S. Voda na kafedre: Ekologicheskoe obrazovanie i okhrana okruzhayushchey sredy. Tekhnicheskie universitety v formirovanii edinogo nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo i obrazovatel’nogo prostranstva SNG [Water at the Department: Environmental Education and Environmental Protection. Technical Universities in the Formation of a Unified Scientific, Technological and Educational Space in the CIS]. Moscow, MGTU im. N.E. Baumana, p. 83.

7. Khramchenko S.V. Uvazhaemye kollegi! [Dear Colleagues!]. Vodosnabzhenie i sanitarnaya tekhnika, 2014, no 6, p. 5.

8. Bogdanova O.V. Proektno-stroitel’nye i inzhenerno-tekhnicheskie firmy v blagoustroystve zapadnosibirskogo goroda kontsa XIX — nachala XX veka: Materialy Vserossiyskoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii “Kul’tura gorodskogo prostranstva: vlast’, biznes i grazhdanskoe obshchestvo v sokhranenii i priumnozhenii kul’turnykh traditsiy Rossii”, Omsk, 12–13 noyabrya 2013 g. [Design, Construction and Engineering Firms in the Improvement of the West Siberian City of the Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries: Materials of the All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “Culture of Urban Space: Government, Business and Civil Society in Preserving and Enhancing the Cultural Traditions of Russia.” Omsk, November 12–13, 2013]. Omsk, Nauka, 2013, pp. 81–86.

Cooperative Economy — Back to the Future

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.96-105

The authors have examined historical, social and economic foundations of the previously presented model of a cooperative economy, presented arguments in favour of a cooperative economy as civilizationally organic economic model for Russia.

References:

1. Pereslegin S.B. Tsivilizatsii v lyudyakh i kodakh [Civilizations in People and Codes]. Izborskiy klub, 2021, 17 fevralya, available at: https://izborsk-club.ru/20672

2. Toshchenko Zh.T. Prekariat. Ot protoklassa k novomu klassu [Precariat: From Protoclass to New Class]. Institut sotsiologii FNISTs RAN, RGGU, Moscow, Nauka, 2018, 346 p.

3. Stending G. Prekariat: novyy opasnyy klass [The Precariat: A New Dangerous Class]. Moscow, Ad Marginem Press, 2011.

4. Galushka A.S., Niyazmetov A.K., Okulov M.O. Kristall rosta. K russkomu ekonomicheskomu chudu [Crystal of Growth. Towards the Russian Economic Miracle]. Moscow, 2021.

5. Spitsyn E.Yu. Khrushchevskaya slyakot’. Sovetskaya derzhava v 1953–1964 gody [Khrushchev’s Slush. The Soviet State in 1953-1964]. Kontseptual, 2019.

6. Rezolyutsiya XX s”ezda KPSS. 24 fevralya 1956 g. Po otchetnomu dokladu TsK KPSS [Resolution of the 20th Congress of the CPSU. February 24, 1956. According to the Report of the Central Committee of the CPSU]. Elektronnaya biblioteka istoricheskikh dokumentov, available at: https://docs.historyrussia.org/ru/nodes/355234- rezolyutsiya-xx-sezda-kpss-24-fevralya-1956-g-po-otchetnomu-dokladu-tsentralnogo-komiteta-kpss-izvlechenie

7. Konstitutsiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Constitution of the Russian Federation]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii. St. 7, p. 1, available at: http://pravo.gov.ru/proxy/ips/?docbody=&nd=102027595

8. Grazhdanskiy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Civil Code of the Russian Federation]. Konsul’tant. St. 1, available at: https://www.consultant.ru/ document/cons_doc_LAW_5142/

9. Marks K. Kapital [Capital]. Internet archive, vol. 3, part 1, available at: https://archive.org/details/1951-iiiKarl_Marx_1951_Kapital_Tom_3

10. Galimova L.N. Osobennosti mentaliteta kuptsa-staroobryadtsa [Peculiarities of the Mentality of the Old Believer Merchant]. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Povolzhskiy region. Gumanitarnye nauki, 2011, no 3(19), pp. 26–33.

11. Uest Dzh.L. Staroobryadtsy i predprinimatel’skaya kul’tura v tsarskoy Rossii: Istoricheskie khroniki [Old Believers and Entrepreneurial Culture in Tsarist Russia: Historical Chronicles]. Cyberleninka, available at: https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/staroobryadtsy-i-predprinimatelskaya-kultura-vtsarskoy-rossii

Unified System for Monitoring Pricing Processes: Implementation in the Development Strategy of State Regulation and Performance Assessment

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.80-89

The article proposes approaches to implementing a system of monitoring pricing processes in the strategy of state regulation and to assessing the effectiveness of such monitoring system. The author synthesizes the key functional blocks of a unified system for monitoring pricing processes and, on their basis, develops appropriate approaches. Such approaches, containing information about some participants in the system, legal acts that will require changes, as well as quantitative and qualitative indicators for assessing performance, demonstrate the potential and scale of a unified system for monitoring pricing processes.

References:

1. Kabmin planiruet vklyuchit’ elektroenergetiku v servis skvoznogo ustanovleniya tarifov na baze “Gostekha” [The Cabinet of Ministers Plans to Include the Electric Power Industry in the End-to-end Tariff Setting Service Based on Gostekh]. Kodeks, 2024, 1 avgusta, available at: https://cntd.ru/news/read/kabminplaniruet-vkliucit-elektroenergetiku-v-servis-skvoznogo-ustanovleniia-tarifov-na-baze-gostexa

2. Kovalev A.V. Formirovanie mekhanizma regulirovaniya protsessov tsenoobrazovaniya v sovremennoy ekonomike [Formation of a Mechanism for Regulating Pricing in the Modern Economy]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2023, no 3, pp. 136–143, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.189.2023.136-143

3. Kovalev A.V., Orlova L.N., Domkin P.A., Sokolov S.M. Dialektika tseny i kontseptsiya sozdaniya edinoy sistemy monitoringa protsessov tsenoobrazovaniya v ekonomike: Monografiya [Dialectics of price and the Concept of Creating a Unified System for Monitoring Pricing Processes in the Economy: Monograph]. Moscow, INFRA-M, 2021, 189 p.

4. Afanas’ev M.P., Shash N.N. Instrumentariy otsenki effektivnosti byudzhetnykh program [Tools for Assessing the Effectiveness of Budget Programs]. Voprosy gosudarstvennogo i munitsipal’nogo upravleniya, 2013, no 3, pp. 48–69.

5. Gorshenin A.N., Gorshenina E.V. Klyuchevye pokazateli deyatel’nosti: ot strategii k real’no rabotayushchim pokazatelyam [Key Performance Indicators: from Strategy to Real-world Performance Indicators]. Ekonomicheskie issledovaniya, 2014, no 1.

6. Eremina G.A., Sobol’ O.V. Mesto izmereniya effektivnosti deyatel’nosti v sisteme upravleniya organizatsiey [The Place of Performance Measurement in the Organization’s Management System]. Upravlenie personalom i intellektual’nymi resursami v Rossii, 2017, vol. 6, no 2, pp. 29–33.

7. Kaplan R.S., Norton D.P. Organizatsiya, orientirovannaya na strategiyu. Kak v novoy biznes-srede preuspevayut organizatsii, primenyayushchie sbalansirovannuyu sistemu pokazateley [The Strategy-Focused Organization: How Balanced Scorecard Organizations Are Succeeding in the New Business Environment]. Moscow, Olimp-Biznes, 2004, XVIII, 392 p. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Natsional’noy elektronnoy biblioteki, available at: https://rusneb.ru/ catalog/000199_000009_002428994/

8. Neely A., Mills J., Platts K., Richards H., Gregory M., Bourne M., Kennerley M. Performance measurement system design: developing and testing a process-based approach. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 2000, vol. 20, no 10, pp. 1119–1145.

Artificial Intelligence: Ability of Judgment? Natural Force or Driver Behind AI

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.70-79

Currently, the topic of super-AI (Artificial General Intelligence or AGI) has captured the world’s press. Some are fascinated by the incredible possibilities, including the creation of a future global government, while others fear the arrival of an alien mind capable of displacing man. The authors show that, as usual, both positions miss the mark. There is no doubt that AI is a fundamentally new tool. Therefore, it can be both extremely useful and immensely dangerous, depending on its application. One thing is clear: innocence has been lost and it will not be possible to rewind it. The world is entering a new phase of development with the enormous potential. However, the transition period threatens with even greater dangers than the first half of the 20th century, when the advent of the internal combustion engine to replace the steam one has led to dramatic shifts in the economy and a change in political dominance against the backdrop of two world wars.

As industrial productivity growth decreases, financialization grows, oppressing the “real” sector, demographics is falling and the world is sliding into wars for dominance against the backdrop of the fading industrial society of the 20th century.

References:

1. Badalyan L.G., Krivorotov V.F. Industrial’nye Srednie veka, ili Est’ li zhizn’ posle industrial’nogo kapitalizma? Chast’ I [Industrial Middle Ages, or Is There Life After Industrial Capitalism? Part I]. Rossiyskiy ekonomicheskiy zhurnal, 2023, no 3, pp. 17–37.

2. Badalyan L.G., Krivorotov V.F. Industrial’nye Srednie veka, ili Est’ li zhizn’ posle industrial’nogo kapitalizma? Chast’ II [Industrial Middle Ages, or Is There Life After Industrial Capitalism? Part II]. Rossiyskiy ekonomicheskiy zhurnal, 2023, no 4, pp. 4–23.

3. Corsini R.J. The Dictionary of Psychology. London, Routledge, 2016. P. 494.

4. Davidson H. Alfarabi, Avicenna, and Averroes, on Intellect. Oxford University Press, 1992, p. 6.

5. Colman A.M. A Dictionary of Psychology. 3rd ed. Oxford [etc.]. Oxford University Press, 2008.

6. Sangha N. Instinct, Intellect, Intelligence, Intuition. Occult Mysteries, 2015, available at: https://occult-mysteries.org/intelligence.html

7. Kant I. Kritika sposobnosti suzhdeniya: Sobr. soch. [Critique of Judgment: Collected Works]. Vol. 5. Moscow, Mysl’, 1966.

8. Zhukovskiy V.A. Skazka o Ivane-tsareviche i Serom Volke [The Tale of Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf]. Moscow, Prospekt, 2013, 31 p.

9. De Gruyter. Kant and Artificial Intelligence. Edited by Hyeongjoo Kim and Dieter, 2022.

10. Asimov I.I, Robot. Garden City. N.Y., Doubleday, 1950.

11. Zhuravlev Yu.I. Ob algebraicheskom podkhode k resheniyu zadach raspoznavaniya ili klassifikatsii [On an Algebraic Approach to Solving Recognition or Classification Problems]. Problemy kibernetiki, vyp. 33. Moscow, Nauka, 1977.

12. Zhuravlev Yu.I. Korrektnye algebry nad mnozhestvami nekorrektnykh (evristicheskikh) algoritmov [Correct Algebras over sets of Incorrect (Heuristic) Algorithms]. Kibernetika, 1977, no 4; 1978, no 8.

A study of the practice of cross-border electronic commerce using customs warehouses in the Russian Federation

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.62-69

The article deals with topical issues of the creation and functioning of customs warehouses in the Russian Federation. The approaches to grouping customs warehouses are investigated, the results of the dynamics and structure of the e-commerce market are presented. The possibilities of organizing cross-border electronic commerce in the Russian Federation using customs warehouses have been studied. The volume of sales of goods in the framework of e-commerce is analyzed and the conditions for monitoring commodity flows along the entire chain of gross value creation are determined. Recommendations have been developed to improve approaches to planning and controlling the turnover of cross-border electronic commerce.

References:

1. Chupina Zh.S., Zorina S.M., Annaberdyeva L. Strategii rossiyskikh i zarubezhnykh marketpleysov [Strategies of Russian and Foreign Marketplaces].Aktual’nye issledovaniya, 2023, no 13(143), pp. 82–86, available at: https://apni.ru/article/5903-strategii-rossijskikh-i-zarubezhnikh-marketpl

2. Tamozhennyy kodeks Rossiyskoy Federatsii ot 28 maya 2003 g. N 61-FZ (TK RF) [The Customs Code of the Russian Federation of May 28, 2003 No. 61-FZ (TC RF)]. Garant, available at: https://base.garant.ru/5758424/

3. Mosbi A. Rost prodazh elektronnoy kommerotsii v mire (2016–2027) [Global E-Commerce Sales Growth (2016–2027)]. Yaguara.co, available at: https:// www.yaguara.co/global-ecommerce-sales-growth/

4. Itogi vneshney torgovli so vsemi stranami [Results of Foreign Trade With all Countries]. Federal’naya tamozhennaya sluzhba, available at: https://customs. gov.ru/statistic/vneshn-torg/vneshn-torg-countries?ysclid=lvz0dxpffl202622345

5. Obzor mezhdunarodno-pravovogo regulirovaniya torgovli [Review of International Legal Regulation of Trade]. Agroeksport, 2020, 29 sentyabrya, available at: https://mcx.gov.ru/upload/iblock/2cd/2cdd959195e9f599abe0c049a81404ec.pdf?ysclid=lvy3x8cu3d844112120

6. Top-10 eCommerce rynkov mira: mirovye prodazhi, trendy, statistika [Top 10 eCommerce Markets in the World: Global Sales, Trends, Statistics]. Shopolog, available at: https://www.shopolog.ru/metodichka/analytics/top-10-ecommerce-rynkov-mira-mirovye-prodazhi-trendy-statistika/?ysclid=lvwhvy0 3ny639675011

7. Zakonodatel’nye novelly v chasti administrirovaniya tamozhennykh platezhey v otnoshenii tovarov transgranichnoy internet-torgovli. Vystuplenie zamestitelya nachal’nika GUFTDiTR V.I. Reshetnikova [Legislative Innovations in the Administration of Customs Payments in Respect of Goods of Cross-border Internet Trade. Speech by the Deputy head of the GUFTDiTR V.I. Reshetnikov], available at: https://forum.customs.gov.ru/uploads/1_4.pdf

8. Monitoring aktual’nykh sobytiy v oblasti mezhdunarodnoy torgovli N 55 [Monitoring of Current Events in the Field of International Trade No. 55]. ATES, 2020, 30 sentyabrya, available at: https://www.vavt-imef.ru/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/Monitoring_55.pdf

9. Karashchuk O.S. Bondovye sklady: sovremennaya infrastruktura torgovli sel’skokhozyaystvennoy produktsiey [Bonded Warehouses: Modern Infrastructure of Trade in Agricultural Products]. Agrarnyy vestnik Urala, 2020, no 3(194), pp. 82–90, DOI: 10.32417/1997-4868-2020-194-3-82-90