DOI: 10.33917/es-4.202.2025.70-77

The article dwells on the essence of artificial intelligence as a mathematical model used to automate human cognitive activity. The author identifies practical tasks that can be solved with the help of the above technology, such as automation of routine business processes, marketing offers personalization, fraud detection, management decision-making support and others. Industries where artificial intelligence is actively used are studied, including healthcare, finance, retail, manufacturing, energy and telecommunications. Special attention is paid to specific examples of applying ar tificial intelligence in auctions, in particular in real estate, energy, online advertising and distribution of computing resources. The author reveals auction models, their essence and areas of application, such as online auctions, programmatic adver tising, spot electricity markets, financial markets and government procurement.

The article analyzes the prospects for introducing artificial intelligence-based tools into auctions in the context of fur ther digitalization of the Russian economy and potential benefits of their application, such as increased profits, optimized use of resources, reduced labour costs and other operating costs.

References:

1. Smith C. Introduction. The History of Artificial Intelligence, available at: https://courses.cs.washington.edu/ courses/csep590/06au/projects/history-ai.pdf

2. Timofeeva A.Yu., Koroleva E.N. Iskusstvennyy intellekt v upravlenii ekonomikoy [Artificial Intelligence in Economic Management]. Nauka XXI veka: aktual’nye napravleniya razvitiya, 2021, no 1-2, pp. 184–188.

3. Reutov R.V. Vliyanie innovatsiy tsifrovoy ekonomiki na mekhanizm neytralizatsii defektov bankovskogo rynka: Ekonomiko-pravovye problem obespecheniya ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti [The Impact of Digital Economy Innovations on the Mechanism for Neutralizing Defects in the Banking Market:

Economic and Legal Problems of Ensuring Economic Security]. 2021, pp. 99–102.

4. Talapina E.V. Ispol’zovanie iskusstvennogo intellekta v gosudarstvennom upravlenii [Use of Artificial Intelligence in Public Administration]. Informatsionnoe obshchestvo, 2021, no 3, pp. 16–22.

5. Nikitaeva A.Y., Salem A.B.M. Institutional framework for the development of artificial intelligence in the industry. Journal of Institutional Studies, 2022, vol. 14, no 1, pp. 108–126.

6. Zhang C., Lu Y. Study on artificial intelligence: The state of the art and future prospects. Journal of Industrial Information Integration, 2021, available at:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2452414X21000248

7. Fiala P., Flusserova L. Modelirovanie i reshenie dvustoronnikh auktsionov [Modeling and Solving Two-sided Auctions]. Khronoekonomika, 2022, no 4(38), pp. 4–8.

8. Kapusto A.V., Banshchikov D.O. Auktsiony i ikh modelirovanie: Tendentsii ekonomicheskogo razvitiya v XXI veke [Auctions and Their Modeling: Trends of Economic Development in the 21st Century]. 2021, pp. 428–431.

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.200.2025.6-13

Currently, qualitative and quantitative approaches are used to assess the performance of regional executive authorities. The estimates obtained on their basis, as a rule, imply a subjective component. This paper proposes a method that makes it possible to obtain weighting coefficients for evaluation indicators on a formal basis without involving experts. It involves four main stages of calculations: preparation of initial data, including a set of assessment indicators; formation of a structural matrix of achievements; assessing the complexity of indicators and achievement structures; performance assessment. The peculiarity of the proposed approach is that it allows us to get an idea of the relative complexity of solving problems and achieving the goals of socio-economic development. This idea is based on a comparative analysis of the weights of evaluation indicators obtained on a formal basis.

References: 

1. Chazova I.Yu. Otsenka effektivnosti deyatel’nosti organov gosudarstvennoy vlasti [Assessment of the Effectiveness of the Activities of Public Authorities]. Vestnik Udmurtskogo universiteta. Seriya: Ekonomika i pravo, 2019, no 6, pp. 776–785.

2. Okrepilov V.V. Povyshenie kachestva gosudarstvennykh uslug posredstvom vnedreniya sistem menedzhmenta kachestva [Improving the Quality of Public Services through the Introduction of Quality Management Systems]. Izvestiya Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta ekonomiki i finansov, 2012, no 6(78), pp. 9–17.

3. Kozhevnikov S.A. Povyshenie effektivnosti gosudarstvennogo upravleniya — klyuchevaya zadacha dlya sovremennoy Rossii [Improving the Efficiency of Public Administration is a Key Task for Modern Russia]. Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’nye peremeny: fakty, tendentsii, prognoz, 2017, vol. 10, no 3, pp. 78–99.

4. Golovtsova I.G., Terent’eva K.D. Effektivnost’ gosudarstvennogo upravleniya kak instrument povysheniya kachestva zhizni naseleniya: Sovremennyy menedzhment: problemy i perspektivy: Sb. statey po itogam XVI Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii, Sankt-Peterburg, 29–30 aprelya 2021 g. [Efficiency of Public Administration as a Tool for Improving the Quality of Life of the Population: Modern Management: Problems and Prospects: Collection of articles from the XVI International Scientific and Practical Conference, St. Petersburg, April 29–30, 2021]. Saint Petersburg, Sankt-Peterburgskiy gosudarstvennyy ekonomicheskiy universitet, 2021, pp. 26–31.

5. O’Loughlin C.T., Wilson P.W. Benchmarking the performance of US Municipalities. Empir Econ., 2021, no 60, 2665–2700, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s00181-021-02026-2

6. Geys B., Heinemann F, Kalb A. Local Government Efficiency in German Municipalities. RuR. 2013 Aug. 31;71(4):283–293. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13147-012-0191-x

7. Kryukov S.V. Model’ formirovaniya reytinga gubernatorov na osnove otsenki urovnya i kachestva zhizni v regione [A Model for the Formation of a Rating of Governors based on an Assessment of the Level and Quality of Life in the Region]. Vektor ekonomiki, 2018, no 8(26), pp. 12–17.

DOI: 10.33917/es-3.189.2023.42-49

The article describes an observed natural phenomenon, consideration of which hypothetically improves the accuracy of natural processes modeling.

References:

1. Arshinov V.I., Svirskii Ya.I. Slozhnostnyi mir i ego nablyudatel’. Chast’ pervaya [Complex World and its Observer. Part One]. Filosofiya nauki i tekhniki, 2015, vol. 20, no 2, pp. 70–84.

2. Arshinov V.I., Svirskii Ya.I. Slozhnostnyi mir i ego nablyudatel’. Chast’ vtoraya [Complex World and its Observer. Part Two]. Filosofiya nauki i tekhniki, 2016, vol. 21, no 1, pp. 78–91.

3. Arshinov V.I., Budanov V.G. Sotsiotekhnicheskie landshafty v optike semioticheski-tsifrovoi slozhnostnosti [Sociotechnical Landscapes in the Optics of Semiotic-Digital Complexity]. Voprosy filosofii, 2020, no 8, pp. 106–116.

4. Foerster H. Notes pour un epistemologie des objetsvivants. In Morin E. and Piatelli-Palmerini M. (Eds). L’Unité de L’Homme, Editions du Seuil, Paris, 1974, pp. 401–417.

5. Spencer-Brown G. Laws of Form. N.Y., Division of Elsevier-Dutton Publishing, 1979, 169 p.

6. Maturana U. Biologiya poznaniya [Biology of Cognition]. Yazyk i intellect, Moscow, Progress, 1996, 416 p.

7. Feiman R. KED — strannaya teoriya sveta i veshchestva [QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter]. Moscow, Astrel’, Poligrafizdat, 2012, 191 p.

8. Prigozhin I., Stengers I. Poryadok iz khaosa. Novyi dialog cheloveka s prirodoi [Order out of Chaos. New Dialogue Between Man and the Nature]. Moscow, Editorial URSS, 2014, 304 p.

9. Nikolis G., Prigozhin I. Samoorganizatsiya v neravnovesnykh sistemakh. Ot dissipativnykh struktur k uporyadochennosti cherez fluktuatsii [Self-Organization in Nonequilibrium Systems: From Dissipative Structures to Order Through Fluctuations]. Moscow, Mir, 1979, 512 p.

10. Bozbei L.S., Kostikov A.O., Tkachenko V.I. Elementarnaya konvektivnaya yacheika v sloe neszhimaemoi, vyazkoi zhidkosti i ee fizicheskie svoistva: Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii MSS-14 “Transformatsiya voln, kogerentnye struktury i turbulentnost’”. Moskva, Institut kosmicheskikh issledovanii,

2014 g. [Elementary Convective Cell in an Incompressible Viscous Fluid Layer of and Its Parameters: Proceedings of the MSS-14 International Conference “Transformation of Waves, Coherent Structures and Turbulence”. Moscow, Space Research Institute]. Moscow, 2014, pp. 322–328.

11. Pikel’ner S.B. Dinamika solnechnoi atmosfery [Solar Atmosphere Dynamics]. Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk, 1966, vol. 88, no 3, pp. 505–523.

12. Belousov B.P. Periodicheski deistvuyushchaya reaktsiya i ee mekhanizm: Sb.: Avtovolnovye protsessy v sistemakh s diffuziei [Periodically Acting Reaction and its Mechanism: Collection: Autowave Processes in Systems with Diffusion]. Gor’kii, Izd-vo GGU, 1951, pp. 76.

13. Belousov B.P. Periodicheski deistvuyushchaya reaktsiya i ee mekhanizm: Sb. referatov po radiatsionnoi meditsine za1958 g. [Periodically Acting Reaction and its Mechanism. Collection of Abstracts on Radiation Medicine]. Moscow, Medgiz, 1959, p. 145.

DOI: 10.33917/es-1.187.2023.36-38

Two shortcomings of our economy — poverty and the “free rider problem” — have the same origin — an exorbitant tax burden on wages. Mathematical modeling of the transition process from modern to transactional taxation, carried out by a group of Russian scientists, has shown that due to this transition, the country’s economy will begin to grow at a rate of 6–7% per year. And most importantly, the very concept of misery will disappear in the country and poverty will be reduced significantly.

References:

1. Eksperty predlozhili reshenie “problemy bezbiletnika” [Experts have Proposed a Solution to the “Free Rider Problem”]. RBK, 2022, 9 dekabrya, available at:

https://www.rbc.ru/economics/09/12/2022/63919fe19a79478d83afaf82.

2. Neravenstvo i bednost’ [Inequality and Poverty]. Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki, available at: https://rosstat.gov.ru/folder/13723.

3. Sotsial’no-ekonomicheskii byulleten’. 2021 [Socio-economic Bulletin. 2021]. Pod red. A.V. Shcherbakova; Tsentr sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo prognozirovaniya

im. D.I. Mendeleeva, Sretenskii klub im. S.P. Kurdyumova. Moscow, Grifon, 2022.

4. Shcherbakov A.V., Rumyantsev V.Yu., Oleskin A.V. Setevaya ekonomika [Network Economy]. Pod red. A.V. Shcherbakova; Tsentr sotsial’no-ekonomicheskogo

prognozirovaniya im. D.I. Mendeleeva, Sretenskii klub im. S.P. Kurdyumova. Moscow, Grifon, 2020.

5. Shcherbakov A.V., Malkov S.Yu. Mobilizatsionnaya ekonomika Rossii [Mobilization Economy of Russia]. Moscow, Grifon, 2022.

6. Smit A. Issledovanie o prirode i prichinakh bogatstva narodov [Survey on the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations]. Kn. 1–3. Moscow, Azbuka, 2019.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.183.2022.26-37

In this paper, an attempt is made to develop a mathematical model of population growth, based on socio-economic factors of the development of the countries’ community, as well as population migration. The author presents intermediate results of his review where he studies economic community, characterized by a very uneven development of regions. Mathematical model is proposed in which a conditional “center” and “periphery” (“global city” and “world village”) are distinguished. From the analysis of the existing socio-economic conditions of development it follows that “periphery” traditionally acts as a demographic donor for the “center”. Examples of such systems include, in particular, relations of the EU-Baltic republics, the EU-Ukraine, and Russia–EAEU countries. As an explanatory principle, it is proposed to use the concept of “institutional trap”. From the mathematical model point of view, this means rigidly fixed coefficients of connection between the system elements implementing one-way connection (toward the “center”). Possible mechanisms, influencing the dynamics of the system through adopting appropriate managerial decisions, are discussed. Obtained results prove the importance of adequate mathematical models for optimizing the strategic management of society.

Источники:

1. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 1 dekabrya 2016 g. N 642 “O Strategii nauchno-tekhnologicheskogo razvitiya Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [Executive Order of the President of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2016 No. 642 “On the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation”]. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/41449.

2. Complex Systems and Society — Modeling and Simulation. Springer, 2013, available at:  https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4614-7242-1.

3. Solozhentsev E.D. Tsifrovoe upravlenie gosudarstvom i ekonomikoi [Digital Management of the State and Economy]. Upravlenie i planirovanie v ekonomike, 2018, no 1(17), pp. 136–153.

4. Federal’nyi zakon ot 28 iyunya 2014 g. N 172-FZ “O strategicheskom planirovanii v Rossiiskoi Federatsii” [Federal Law of June 28, 2014 No. 172-FZ “On Strategic Planning in the Russian Federation”]. Ofitsial’nyi sait Prezidenta RF, available at: http://www.kremlin.ru/acts/bank/38630.

5. Eberlin M. Foresight: How the Chemistry of Life Reveals Planning and Purpose. Discovery Institute, 2019.

6. Gaponenko N.V. Forsait. Teoriya. Metodologiya. Opyt [Foresight. Theory. Methodology. Experience]. Monografiya. Moscow, Yuniti — Danab, 2008, 239 p.

7. Unido Technology Foresight Manual. United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Vienna, 2005, vol. 1, p. 8.

8. Pereslegin S.B. Budushchee kak proekt: krizis futurologii [The Future as a Project: Crisis of Futurology]. Intellekt, voobrazhenie, intuitsiya: razmyshleniya o gorizontakh soznaniya (metafizicheskii i psikhologicheskii opyt). Saint-Petersburg, 2001, no 10.

In work integrated (synergetic) approach to a problem of evolution of national (state) idea is used. In him mathematical modeling, the dynamic theory of information and the concept of civilizations are combined. It allows to define accurately the concept “national idea” and to track his role in evolution of society. The special attention is paid to a situation in modern Russia.

A good model can give a reasonable forecast in the field of its competence, subject to maintaining the existing economic relations, can identify threats to established order, but it does not allow to predict what will replace this order after the crisis.

Today Synergetics is quickly integrating into the sphere of the humanities. Particularly relevant today are anti-crisis synergetic technologies.