DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.120-129

The purpose of the article is to determine the main directions of development of the Russian Academy of Sciences in cooperation with the executive and legislative authorities of Russia. As a rule, behind general phrases about the reform of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian society is poorly informed about the current activities of the Academy of Sciences. The authors set themselves the task of filling this gap, of course, by bringing in their own proposals and some vision of the tasks of the development of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The methodology of this work is a comparative analysis, approaches to setting strategic objectives for the development of science and planning this process. The results of the study made it possible to concretize the tasks of the RAS development, highlighting the segment where the Academy itself is obliged to make changes to solve the necessary tasks, as well as the area of responsibility for changes at the level of the executive and, separately, the legislative branch. In addition, the directions have been established in which the RAS has an undoubted success in implementation, requiring its increase, as well as the necessary organizational changes, the need for which is very high in the context of intensifying scientific competition and the advanced development of science. The set of proposals will make it possible to recreate the chain of “fundamental science — R&D — production”, attracting backbone corporations of a science-intensive and other profile to such interaction. The article proposes a system of promising changes in the activities of the Russian Academy of Sciences, substantiates the position that they are able to increase the efficiency of science, without reducing it to what science should give to the economy instantly.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.110-119

A step-by-step and objective review of the history of the State Planning Committee of the USSR (Gosplan), presented by the authors, helps to form a holistic idea of how the power of the USSR arose and what objective necessity or what subjective factors led to a radical change in the political and socio-economic structure of the country.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.100-109

In modern unstable economic conditions, when valuating unique or capital-intensive objects, it is more often value in use (investment one or user one) is determined. In this case, the calculations are based on the income approach, linking the future incomes of the asset under valuation and the risks of not receiving them. The article describes the latest advances in calculating techniques previously unknown in world practice, covering the variability of the capitalization rate over time and refined formulas for the risk build-up method.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.90-98

Research methodology for studying the strategic potential of Russian appraisal companies is based on “Strategic Matrix of a Company” software package, whose algorithm implies analysis of qualitative and quantitative indicators that allow to create a complete profile of the company and to prepare a scenario forecast of its development. The main qualitative parameters under analysis include such criteria as the degree of innovation and services differentiation, the level of competition and the company’s position in the market, priority of certain strategic goals in the company’s activities, effectiveness of motivation, corporate culture, the ability to quickly gain access to necessary resources.

В беседе с Анной Юрьевной Исаевой, управляющим партнером, генеральным директором ООО «Профессиональная Группа Оценки», членом Апелляционного органа и рабочего органа по стратегии развития оценочной деятельности при  Минэкономразвития России, членом Президиума Экспертного совета, заместителем председателя Дисциплинарного комитета СРО Союз «Федерация специалистов оценщиков», MRICS, мы обсудили основные положения законопроекта «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон „Об оценочной деятельности в Российской Федерации“ и отдельные законодательные акты Российской Федерации», принятого Государственной думой РФ в марте 2020 г., а также положительные и отрицательные нюансы работы компании в период действия режима  самоизоляции.

Сегодня оспаривание результатов государственной кадастровой оценки и справедливая оценка интересуют прежде всего правообладателя, поскольку кадастровая стоимость учитывается при определении налоговой базы по земельному налогу, налогу на имущество организаций и налогу на имущество физических лиц. О некоторых изменениях действующего законодательства рассказал начальник отдела нормативно-правового регулирования в сфере государственной кадастровой оценки Управления нормативно-правового регулирования в сферах регистрации недвижимости, геодезии и картографии Денис Евгеньевич Шереметьев.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.72-85

The article discusses particular features of the appraisal activities transformation in the Russian Federation, focused on the priority methodology in cost management of the appraisal objects’ life cycles as the basis for sustainable socio-economic development, especially in implementing national projects. The relevance of this study is based on the importance of solving such a national economic problem as providing the launch of innovative high-tech investment cycles in development of industries, enterprises and investment projects based on forming an updated methodological base for appraisal activities focused on long-term strategic cycles with planning horizon up to 60 years. Furthermore, as the main national evaluation ideology it is proposed to use the concept of formalizing evaluation and value management processes in economic systems, where the main object of assessment is the life cycle of goods, products and works, which are characterized by innovative, high-tech qualities of a breakthrough highly competitive type, as well as by the effect of emergence and synergy.

The aim of the present study is to elaborate a set of relevant search methodological proposals and recommendations for modeling the transformation processes of the national evaluation activity of Russia based on the priorities of cost evaluation and of the life cycles management of goods and works that can provide sustainable and breakthrough socio-economic development of the country on the long-term strategic basis with a planning horizon of up to 50-60 years, with a view to ensuring priority implementation of national projects.

The study is focused on the processes of genesis and  transformation of national appraisal activity in the course of exploratory fundamental research in the field of modeling theoretical provisions and conceptual approaches to structuring methodological framework of evaluation and management of costs, life cycles of goods in the process of implementing national projects based on minimizing the cost of their life cycles, contracts on life cycles, total costs and life cycles’ cost of ownership.

Integrated and systemic approaches based on analysis and synthesis, logical analysis, expert approach, methods of economic and mathematical modeling and forecasting were used as research methods.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.58-69

At the moment, there is a change in the universal attractors of the historical process; in this regard, a new management model is required, corresponding to the new “program requirements” of the attractor “from the future”. The former political and economic regulators have fulfilled their role, but the patterns of thinking developed over the centuries do not allow for any other means of “reset” than destruction. The article analyzes who, why, and by what means attempts to preserve the existing world order. As a tool of destruction, the actors of globalization have chosen ultra-effective digital network methods of cross-border impact — a hidden organizational weapon that allows, without destroying the infrastructure facilities necessary to meet vital needs, to block the development of society through the deformation of the motivational and need base of a person.

In order to identify the hidden impact of organizational weapons, the authors propose to use a methodological “polarizing filter” — a normative ranking that allows us to determine the direction of various social phenomena as the results of “horizontal” or “vertical” regulation, leading to the limit of destruction or development.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.50-57

Today, in a complicated macroeconomic and geopolitical environment, Russia requires fundamentally new approaches to creating an effective long-term socio-economic development strategy. The Government of the Russian Federation has created a federal information system for strategic planning through the state information system “Management”, collection of data on implementation of strategic planning documents is going on.

Currently, there are thousands of strategic planning documents, but it is still missing a unified management of the country’s economic system based on these documents, federal government does not have feedback from regions and enterprises, which could allow coordinating the development goals and objectives of the country as a whole and individual industries and regions.

In this regard, the issue of developing effective methods for converting strategic planning and management of the Russian economy into operational terms is particularly urgent — from a set of thousands of documents, individual strategies and plans to an operate management system with feedback.

Application of the toolkit for intersectoral and interregional  economic balances, transport-economic and fuel-energy balances, in that respect, seems to be one of the priorities. It is also necessary to calculate financial, trade balances, balances of payments, of labour resources, which have always been and still remain necessary elements of economy forecasting and planning. Along with this, it seems appropriate, analyzing the state and prospects of individual industries development to use balance methods within the same industry, showing the ratio of “costs — issue”, balances of fixed assets, based on depreciation degree, the level of renewal, investments.

Источники:

1. Leont’ev V.V. Ekonomicheskie esse. Teorii, issledovaniya, fakty, politika [Economic Essays. Theory, Research, Facts, Politics]. Moscow, Politizdat, 1990, p. 230.

2. Veduta E.N. Mezhotraslevoi-mezhsektornyi balans, mekhanizm strategicheskogo planirovaniya ekonomiki [Inter-industry-cross-sectoral Balance, Mechanism for Strategic Economic Planning]. Moscow, Akademicheskii proekt, 2016, p. 141.

3. Materialy seminara «Razvitie metodologii prognozirovaniya ekonomiki Rossii na baze mezhotraslevogo i mezhregional’nogo kompleksa» [Proceedings of the Seminar “Developing Methodology for the Russian Economy Forecasting on the Basis of an Inter-sectoral and Cross-regional Complex”]. Moscow, OAO «IERT», 2014, p. 56.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.177.2021.40-49

The article analyzes the US policy in terms of rebuilding bipolarity in the world community, where the Communist Party of China is designated as the main enemy of progressive humanity, an attempt is made to reform alliances of supporters of confrontation with China and countries that are confidently striving to pursue sovereign foreign and domestic policies. For the United States, this positioning corresponds to the tradition of foreign policy activities in the world community. In addition, it is based on the success of the policy of counteracting the camp of socialism and the USSR, and it was proposed to implement the same course in relation to the CPC of the PRC. A study of the main conceptual provisions determining the content of the PRC’s foreign policy strategy was carried out, it was proved that China does not seek to become a hegemon in the world community, but economic leadership and its economic interests will try to promote in all possible ways, excluding military actions. The economic expansion of the PRC can only be counteracted by the countries gaining genuine national economic sovereignty and building up national competitiveness, an interstate foreign policy strategy pursued by countries on the basis of realizing national interests and reaching an agreed consensus in sensitive sectors of economic interaction.