DOI: 10.33917/es-2.206.2026.98-107

This paper analyzes structural changes in the Russian food market in the context of transformation of modern business models. It puts forward the concept of alpha business — a type of corporate organization based on control over high-quality resources and the entire value chain, as well as access to consumers. It is shown that the current stage of economic development is characterized by competitive struggle’s shift from mechanisms based primarily on property institutions and market exchange to control over the infrastructure, logistics and information resources. Using the example of food retail, the author examines formation of integrated corporate systems that allow to coordinate production, distribution and consumer demand. It is concluded that development of such structures tends to form a new development trajectory of the consumer market and transforms the institutional architecture of the food industry.

References:

1. Blokhin A.A., Lomakin-Rumyantsev I.V., Naumov S.A. Al’fa-biznes na rossiyskom prodovol’stvennom rynke [Alfa-Business in the Russian Food Market]. *Ekonomicheskie strategii*, 2019, vol. 21, no 6, pp. 68–77, DOI: 10.33917/es-6.164.2019.68-77

2. Glaz’ev S.Yu. Global’naya transformatsiya cherez prizmu smeny tekhnologicheskikh i mirokhozyaystvennykh ukladov [Global Transformations from the Perspective of Technological and Economic World Order Change]. *AlterEconomics*, 2022, vol. 19, no 1, pp. 93–115.

3. Yaremenko Yu.V. Teoriya i metodologiya issledovaniya mnogourovnevoy ekonomiki [Theory and Methodology of Multilevel Economy Research]. Moscow, Nauka, 2000, pp. 29–57.

4. Blokhin A.A. Ekonomicheskoe dominirovanie: bazovye polozheniya teorii i podkhody k izmereniyu [Economic Dominance: Basic Theoretical Provisions and Measurement Approaches]. Nauchnye trudy, Institut narodnokhozyaystvennogo prognozirovaniya RAN, 2023, no 1, pp. 6–30.

5. Shchelokova S.V., Vertogradov V.A. Analiz nalichiya i struktury dominiruyushchikh grupp na rynke sel’skokhozyaystvennykh predpriyatiy Rossii po itogam 2020 goda [Analysis of the Presence and Structure of Dominant Groups in the Market of Agricultural Organizations in Russia According to the Results of 2020]. *APK: ekonomika, upravlenie*, 2022, no 1, pp. 41–52.

6. Radaev V.V. Komu prinadlezhit vlast’ na potrebitel’skikh rynkakh [Who Holds Power in Consumer Markets]. Moscow, Izdatel’skiy dom Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki, 2011.

7. Lomakin-Rumyantsev I.V., Shamuzova L.A., Spektor S.V., Cho E.G., Markov A.R. Potrebitel’skiy rynok Rossii: uroki antikrizisnogo regulirovaniya [Russian Consumer Market: Lessons of Anti-Crisis Regulation]. Istina, 2024, available at: https://istina.msu.ru/reports/671261205/

8. Ksenofontov M.Yu., Polzikov D.A., Gol’denberg I.A., Sitnikov P.V. Metodologicheskie problemy formirovaniya kontseptsii prodovol’stvennoy bezopasnosti v Rossii [Methodological Problems of the Formation of the Concept of Food Security in Russia]. *Problemy prognozirovaniya*, 2018, no 5(170), pp. 127–135.

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.206.2026.86-97

Current state of the food security is ambiguous. On the one hand, physical availability of domestically produced food is obvious, but on the other — limited economic accessibility of this food, primarily due to inflation, is equally obvious. Today, Russia is rightfully considered a global grain superpower and is the world’s leading wheat supplier. However, Russian citizens face steadily rising prices for bread and baked goods made of wheat flour, exceeding the average inflation rate. In this regard, a detailed analysis of the actual data on provision of the Russian population with basic food products is required.

References:

1. Prudius E.V. Prodovol’stvennaya bezopasnost’ — fundament ekonomicheskoy bezopasnosti strany [Food Security is the Foundation of the Country’s Economic Security]. *Problemy rynochnoy ekonomiki,* 2023, no 2, pp. 112–124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33051/2500-2325-2023-2-112-124

2. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 21 yanvarya 2020 g. N 20 “Ob utverzhdenii Doktriny prodovol’stvennoy bezopasnosti Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of January 21, 2020 No. 20 “On Approval of the Doctrine of Food Security of the Russian Federation”]. URL: https://mcx.gov.ru/upload/iblock/3e5/3e5941f295a77fdcfed2014f82ecf37f.pdf

3. Bayandin N.I., Zolotareva O.A. Informatsionnoe protivoborstvo v prodovol’stvennoy bezopasnosti gosudarstva [Information Warfare in the State’s Food Security]. *Nauchnyy vestnik oboronno-promyshlennogo kompleksa Rossii,* 2022, no 4, pp. 38–49, DOI: 10.52135/2410-4124_2022_4_38

4. Ageev A.I., Zolotareva O.A. Effektivnost’ edinoy agropromyshlennoy politiki EAES — zalog uspekha [The Effectiveness of the EAEU’s Unified Agroindustrial Policy is the Key to Success]. *Evraziyskaya integratsiya: ekonomika, pravo, politika,* 2024, no 18(3), pp. 26–39, DOI: https://doi.org/10.22394/2073-2929-2024-03-26-39

5. Leushkina V.V. Tsifrovizatsiya agropromyshlennogo kompleksa: osnovnoy element povysheniya konkurentosposobnogo innovatsionnogo razvitiya [Digitalization of the Agro-industrial Complex: a Key Element in Enhancing Competitive Innovative Development]. *Voprosy innovatsionnoy ekonomiki,* 2022, vol. 12, no 4, pp. 2329–2340.

6. Korolev M.I., Khorev A.I., Gorkovenko E.V., Nuzhdin R.V. Nauchno-obrazovatel’noe obespechenie prodovol’stvennoy bezopasnosti na global’nom, natsional’nom i regional’nom urovnyakh [Scientific and Educational Support for Food Security at the Global, National and Regional Levels]. *Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta inzhenernykh tekhnologiy,* 2022, no 84(3), pp. 386–397, DOI: https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-386-397

7. Urozhay v ekstremal’nykh usloviyakh: kak proshel 2024 god dlya APK [Harvesting Under Extreme Conditions: How 2024 went for the Agricultural Sector]. Vedomosti. Analitika, 2024, 24 dekabrya, available at: https://www.vedomosti.ru/analytics/krupnyy_plan/articles/2024/12/23/1083309-urozhai-v-ekstremalnih-usloviyah-kak-proshel-2024-god-dlya-apk