DOI: 10.33917/es-6.198.2024.42-47

The article dwells on cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the fuel and energy sector. The author examines the main areas of cooperation between two countries, which takes place despite their potential competition in the energy market, analyzes the current state of their interaction and identifies prospects for cooperation in the future. Particular attention is paid to the regulatory framework in the oil sector, to development of energy projects, including investment interest, as well as to measures for strengthening partnerships between Russia and Saudi Arabia despite the relatively weak mutual trade turnover. The results analysis makes it possible to draw up conclusions on the significance and prospects for further development of cooperation in the fuel and energy sector between the two countries.

References:

1. V Gosudarstvennoy dume proshel “pravitel’stvennyy chas” s uchastiem ministra inostrannykh del Sergeya Lavrova [A “Government Hour” Was Held in the State Duma With the Participation of Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Gosudarstvennoy dumy Federal’nogo sobraniya Rossiyskoy Federatsii. 2023. 15 fevralya, available at: http://duma.gov.ru/news/56388/

2. Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 31 marta 2023 g. N 229 “Ob utverzhdenii Kontseptsii vneshney politiki Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 03/31/2023 No. 229 “On approval of the Concept of Foreign policy of the Russian Federation”]. Konsul’tantPlyus, available at: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_443540/b59042910d7c1d8c1b8879c93b1a5fd7ab985233/

3. Upravlenie energeticheskoy informatsii SShA [Website]. EIA, available at: eia.gov

4. Fazel’yanov E. Energeticheskie otnosheniya Rossii s Saudovskoy Araviey [Energy Relations Between Russia and Saudi Arabia]. Mezhdunarodnaya zhizn’. Arkhiv 2 nomera 2021 g., available at: https://interaffairs.ru/jauthor/material/2472

5. Soglashenie mezhdu Pravitel’stvom Rossiyskoy Federatsii i Pravitel’stvom Korolevstva Saudovskaya Araviya o sotrudnichestve v oblasti nefti i gaza [Agreement Between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on Cooperation in the Field of Oil and Gas]. Ministerstvo inostrannykh del Rossiyskoy Federatsii, available at: https://www.mid.ru/ru/foreign_policy/international_contracts/international_contracts/2_contract/46192/

6. Akhmed Mokhamed Abdu Khasan. Energeticheskiy dialog Rossiyskoy Federatsii i Korolevstva Saudovskaya Araviya [Energy Dialogue Between the Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia]. Vestnik Rossiyskogo universiteta druzhby narodov. Seriya: Mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2018, vol. 18, no 2, pp. 342–355.

7. Blizhniy Vostok: “zelenoe” zakonodatel’stvo i printsipy ESG [The Middle East: “green” Legislation and ESG Principles]. TsDU TEK. Tsentral’noe dispetcherskoe upravlenie toplivno-energeticheskogo kompleksa, 2023, 29 marta, available at: https://www.cdu.ru/tek_russia/issue/2023/1/1110/

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.198.2024.36-41

In the modern world, deep structural changes are taking place due to changes in technological structures. This process is accompanied by dramatic changes in the system of economic assessments and large-scale shifts in the economy.

Global energy industry is facing serious challenges and upheavals, requiring the search for new development opportunities for the fuel and electric complex. There are two key components implied here. The first one is the energy challenges facing the Eurasian Economic Union. The second is the readiness to overcome them through joint efforts.

References:

[1] — [15] no 5/2024, p. 31.

16. Movkebaeva G.A., Ondash A.O., Bimagambetova Zh.T., Saiylybaev A.M. Formirovanie obshchego energeticheskogo rynka EAES kak faktor obespecheniya energeticheskoy bezopasnosti Evraziiyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza [Formation of the Common EAEU Energy Market as a Factor in Ensuring Energy Security of the Eurasian Economic Union]. Vestnik KazNU. Seriya filosofii, kul’turologii i politologii, 2018, no 65(3), pp. 97–104, available at: https://bulletin-philospolit.kaznu/index.php/1-pol/article/view/701

17. Reshenie Vysshego Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 8 maya 2015 g. N 12 “O Kontseptsii formirovaniya obshchego elektroenergeticheskogo rynka Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza” [Decision of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council dated May 8, 2015 No. 12 “On the Concept of Forming a Common Electric Power Market of the Eurasian Economic Union”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2015, 12 maya, available at: http://www.eaeunion.org/

18. Reshenie Vysshego ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 31 maya 1916 g. N 7 “O Kontseptsii formirovaniya obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza” [Decision of the Supreme Economic Council of May 31, 1916 No. 7 “On the Concept of Forming a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2016, 31 maya, available at: http://www.eaeunion.org//

19. Reshenie Vysshego Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 6 dekabrya 2018 g N 18 “O formirovanii obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza” (vmeste s “Programmoy formirovaniya obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza”, “Planom meropriyatiy po formirovaniyu obshchego rynka gaza Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza”) [Decision of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council of December 6, 2018 No. 18 «On the Formation of a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union» (together with the «Program for the Formation of a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union», «Plan of Measures for the Formation of a Common Gas Market of the Eurasian Economic Union»)]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2018, 7 dekabrya, available at: http://www.eaeunion.org/

20. Rasporyazhenie Vysshego Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soveta ot 1 oktyabrya 2019 g. N 6 “O garmonizatsii zakonodatel’stva gosudarstv — chlenov Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza v sfere transportirovki i postavki gaza mezhdu gosudarstvami-chlenami” [Order of the Supreme Eurasian Economic Council dated October 1, 2019 No. 6 “On Harmonizing Legislation of the Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union in the Field of Gas Transportation and Supply between Member States”]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza, 2019, 2 oktyabrya, available at: http://eaeunion.org/

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.198.2024.26-35

In the first part of this article, the authors proposed to consider productivism as a new paradigm of socio-economic development. It, advocating for supply-side economic measures, not feeling piet y towards international markets and calling for protectionism, is intended to replace the intellectually bankrupt paradigm of neoliberalism that dominated the world at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries. Such “paradigm shif t” is necessary to ensure theoretically a “technological leap” — the key to global economic leadership in the 21st century. Previously, the authors have developed factors for the national economy transition to a new technological level. In this ar ticle, they will receive a quantitative assessment, which will allow to determine the ordinal probability of technological transition for the world’s leading countries. The proposed methodological approach will make it possible to position the Russian economy in these processes, as well as to identif y barriers hindering its economic development, and outline prospects for overcoming these barriers.

References:

[1] — [26] no 5/2024, pp. 20–21.

27. Belousov D.R., Sal’nikov V.A., et al. Ekonomika-2040: ot novykh usloviy — k novym deystviyam: kratkaya versiya doklada (kontseptual’naya chast’): Proekt Gorizont-2040 [Economy-2040: from New Conditions to New Actions: a Short Version of the Report (Conceptual Part): Project Horizon-2040]. TsMAKP, 2023, 28 dekabrya, available at: http://www.forecast.ru/_ARCHIVE/Presentations/DBelousov/2023_12_ecoshortfin.pdf

28. World Economic Forum. The Global Risks Report’2024. World Economic Forum, available at: https://www.weforum.org/publications/global-risks-report-2024/

29. Gross domestic product 2022, PPP. World Development Indicators database. World Bank, 1 July 2023, available at: https://databankfiles.worldbank.org/public/ddpext_download/GDP_PPP.pdf

30. Kobyakov A.B., Khazin M.L. Zakat imperii dollara i konets “Pax Americana” [The Decline of the Dollar Empire and the End of Pax Americana]. Moscow, Veche, 2003.

31. Irkhin A.A. Mir gotov razvalit’sya na neskol’ko makroregionov [The World is Ready to Fall Apart into Several Macro-regions]. Sluzhba novostey ForPost, 2020, 9 aprelya, available at: https://sevastopol.su/news/mir-gotov-razvalitsya-na-neskolko-makroregionov

32. Teplyakov A.Yu., Tolkachev S.A. Rossiyskaya Federatsiya v geoekonomicheskoy dueli XXI veka [Russian Federation in the Geo-Economic Duel of the 21^st Century]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2023, no 6, pp. 6–15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-6.192.2023.6-15

33. The Leisure Gains from International Trade. IMF, 2024, available at: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2024/01/19/The-Leisure-Gains-from-International-Trade-543871

34. Protsentnaya sistema. Trading Economics, available at: https://ru.tradingeconomics.com/country-list/interest-rate

35. Main Economic Indicators. Vol. 2023, iss. 12, available at: https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/economics/main-economic-indicators/volume-2023/issue-12_ded67b87-en

DOI: 10.33917/es-6.198.2024.16-25

Trump has become the US president. It doesn’t matter anymore what role the sympathies of voters, political technologies or a well-known force action played. Inviolability of the Atlantic spells about the dominance of democracy has been refuted by the harsh realities of world politics and economics. Vector of the global attack has been determined – China. Is there a chance of success if it has revealed not possible to achieve the goals set with Russia? How will Russia act in the new situation? Who and how will be able to form new, more harmonious foundations of the world order? Is the BRICS+++ group capable of this task?”.

References:

1. Sibileva E.A. Zachem lyudi plachut: o prirode slez [Why People Cry: On the Nature of Tears]. MedAboutMe. URL: https://medaboutme.ru/articles/zachem_lyudi_plachut_o_prirode_slez/

2. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. KOMBINATORIKA VTOROGO TRAMPA: Pokushenie. Chast’ I. Geostrategiya [SECOND TRUMP COMBINATORICS: Assassination Attempt. Part I. Geostrategy]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2024, vol. 26, no 4(196), pp. 18–25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-4.196.2024.18-25

3. Ageev A.I. Rol’ sanktsiy, konfliktov i spetsoperatsiy: razmyshleniya o budushchem. Chast’ 2 [The Role of Sanctions, Conflicts and Special Operations: Reflections on the Future. Part 2]. Nauchnyy vestnik oboronno-promyshlennogo kompleksa Rossii, 2024, no 1, pp. 33–42.

4. Teoriya i strategiya stanovleniya ustoychivogo mnogopolyarnogo miroustroystva na baze partnerstva tsivilizatsiy (Yaltinskogo mira – 2): Vol. 1. Nauchnye osnovy stanovleniya ustoychivogo mnogopolyarnogo miroustroystva i Bol’shogo evraziyskogo partnerstva [Theory and Strategy for Forming a Sustainable Multipolar World Order Based on the Partnership of Civilizations (Yalta Peace – 2): Vol. 1. Scientific Foundations for the Development of a Sustainable Multipolar World Order and the Greater Eurasian Partnership]. Monografiya. Sost. i nauch. red. Yu.V. Yakovets, A.A. Akaev, S.Yu. Malkov. Moscow, MISK — INES, 2020, 816 p.

5. Ageev A.I., Bakhtizin A.R., Makarov V.L., Loginov E.L., Khabriev B.R. Ekonomicheskiy fundament pobedy: strategicheskiy prognoz ustoychivosti ekonomiki Rossii v usloviyakh sanktsionnykh atak [Economic Foundation of Victory: a Strategic Forecast for the Russian Economy Stability in the Face of Sanctions]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2023, vol. 25, no 3(189), pp. 6–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-3.189.2023.6-15

6. Ageev A.I., Loginov E.L. Strategicheskaya predopredelennost’ spetsial’nykh voennykh operatsiy v mirovoy supersisteme [Strategic Predetermination of Special Military Operations in the World Supersystem]. Ekonomicheskie strategii, 2023, vol. 25, no 4(190), pp. 6–19, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33917/es-4.190.2023.6-19

7. Loginov E.L. Tsifrovye tekhnologii politicheskoy bor’by: neyrosetevye imperativy informatsionnogo protivodeystviya popytkam perekhvata upravleniya v sotsial’no-politicheskoy srede [Digital Technologies of Political Struggle: Neural Network Imperatives of Information Counteraction to Attempts at Interception of Control in the Socio-Political Environment]. Moscow, Rusayns, 2024, 234 p.

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.56-61

The study covers key trends in the agricultural sector, institutional foundations for their development in the Kyrgyz Republic, and also presents some mechanisms for their implementation in crop production and the main problems that hinder this process.

References:

1. Analiz razmera i doli rynka tsifrovogo sel’skogo khozyaystva — tendentsii rosta i prognozy (2024–2029 gg.) [Digital Agriculture Market Size and Share Analysis — Growth Trends and Forecasts (2024–2029)]. Mordor Intelligence, available at: https://www.mordorintelligence.com/ru/industry-reports/digitalagriculture-market

2. Kontseptsiya tsifrovoy transformatsii Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki na 2024–2028 gody [Concept of Digital Transformation of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2024– 2028]. Tsentral’nyy bank dannykh pravovoy informatsii Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki, available at: https://cbd.minjust.gov.kg/30-164/edition/6414/ru

3. Zakon Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki ot 18 maya 2019 g. N 65 “Ob organicheskom sel’skokhozyaystvennom proizvodstve v Kyrgyzskoy Respublike” [Law of the Kyrgyz Republic of May 18, 2019 No. 65 “On Organic Agricultural Production in the Kyrgyz Republic”]. Ministerstvo vodnykh resursov, sel’skogo khozyaystva i pererabatyvayushchey promyshlennosti Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki, available at: https://agro.gov.kg/ru/%d0%b7%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%bd%d1%8b/

4. Proekt postanovleniya Kabineta ministrov Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki “Ob utverzhdenii Kontseptsii klasternoy politiki v agropromyshlennom komplekse Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki na 2023–2033 gody” [Draft Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic “On Approval of the Concept of Cluster Policy in the Agro-industrial Complex of the Kyrgyz Republic for 2023–2033”]. Kabinet ministrov Kyrgyzskoy Respubliki, available at: https://www.gov.kg/ ru/npa/s/4327

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.50-55

The article dwells on some current aspects of foreign direct investment (FDI) migration in Russia and abroad. The aim of the study is an attempt to theoretically reassess the role of monetary and credit mechanisms of FDI. The article provides information on the trends and pressing development problems of Russian FDI exports into the countries of Eurasian region and BRICS. According to the research, restrictive monetary policy in Russia is a significant obstacle to economic growth, foreign economic relations and FDI exports. Many economic indicators of the Russian Federation are negatively affected by the high key rate of the Bank of Russia. However, due to monopolistic structure of the Russian economy and many other factors, the restrictive monetary policy of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation often causes not only suppression of inflation and the increase in the production competitiveness, but excessive enrichment of a number of companies, banks and individuals at the expense of the economy as a whole. In the long term, in order to stimulate foreign direct investment, it seems feasible for the Bank of Russia to gradually shift from a restrictive monetary policy to a stimulating one, including for the purpose of optimal development of Russian FDI exports into the countries of the Eurasian region and BRICS.

References:

1. UNCTAD. World Investment Report. 2023. New York, United Nations, available at: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/wir2023_keymessages_en.pdfRRR

2. IMF. World Economic Outlook. Washington, DC. April, 2024, available at: https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2024/04/16/world-economicoutlook-april-2024

3. Tatuzov V. Contemporary global economic crisis: Some conclusions for Russia and BRICS (taking into account Kondratieff long waves). BRICS Journal of Economics, 2020, no 1, pp. 25–40, available at: https://doi.org/10.38050/2712-7508-2020-8

4. Stiglitz J., Regmi I. The Causes and Responses to Today’s Inflation. Roosevelt Institute, 2022, available at: https://rooseveltinstitute.org/wp-content/ uploads/2022/12/RI_CausesofandResponsestoTodaysInflation_Report_202212.pdf

5. Key Rate Statistics. 2024. CBR, available at: https://www.cbr.ru/eng/hd_base/KeyRate/

6. СBR: Inflation and Consumer Sentiment. Inflation and Consumer Sentiment, 2024, no 4(88), available at: https://www.cbr.ru/Collection/Collection/ File/49132/Infl_exp_24-04_e.pdf

7. Macroeconomic survey of the Bank of Russia. October, 2024. CBR, available at: https://www.cbr.ru/eng/statistics/ddkp/mo_br/

8. FDI Database. 2024. New York, UNCTAD, available at: https://unctadstat.unctad.org/datacentre/dataviewer/US.FdiFlowsStock

9. The State Council on further optimizing the environment for foreign investment. Opinions on increasing efforts to attract foreign investment. Guo Fa, 2023, no 11, available at: https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/202308/content_6898048.htm

10. FDI database. Paris, OECD, 2024, available at: https://data.oecd.org/fdi/fdi-flows.htm

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.32-37

The purpose of this article is to find options for solving the problem of trust in various settlement and payment instruments within the emerging new multipolar world, as well as the problem of managing inflation and pricing processes for the purposes of progressive predictable economic development. In analyzing trends, theories and solutions, methods of description, abstraction, analysis and deduction were used.

An analysis of existing practices in terms of instruments applicable for settlements and payments in international trade is conducted. Aspects of their application for transactions and operations with investment capital, which are currently nominated and processed using centralized monetary instruments, are also touched upon. The result of the study is the proposed concept of the UNIT ecosystem, capable of solving the problems of trust and inflation and, as a consequence, the limitations of existing instruments for settlements, payments and operations with investment capital in international trade.

References:

1. Mandelbrot B.B. The fractal geometry of nature. Macmillan, 1983

2. Black F. Business Cycles and Equilibrium. Updated Edition. Wiley, 2010.

3. Michels J., et al. Making sense of Target imbalances. CEPR, 2011, available at: https://cepr.org/voxeu/columns/making-sense-target-imbalances

4. Impossible Trinity. Wikipedia, available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impossible_trinity

5. Benigno P., et al. Cryptocurrencies, Currency Competition, and the Impossible Trinity. NBER Working Paper 26214, 2019, available at: http://www.nber.

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DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.32-37

International scientific and technological cooperation is a dynamic and innovative form of international economic cooperation. It involves the exchange of knowledge, technologies, and expertise between countries. However, it is often perceived as a static process, with little understanding of its dynamics. The aim of this study is to investigate the key stages of international scientific cooperation and propose a strategy for its future development. Three stages have been identified since the 1990s: the initial stage of development, the separation of developed and developing countries’ cooperation, and the current stage of technological confrontation. The study demonstrates that international scientific and technical collaboration is directly linked to globalization processes and follows their dynamics. Based on this understanding, a forecast for the future shape of international scientific collaboration is made. Scientific and technical ties will form around the core of globalization, with each core having a distinct technological focus.

References:

1. Birkinshaw J. Why do some multinational corporations relocate their headquarters overseas? available at: http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:487470/ FULLTEXT01.pdf

2. Li S., Alon I. China’s intellectual property rights provocation: A political economy view. Journal of International Business Policy, 2020, no 3, pp. 60–72.

3. UNESCO Science Report 2010, available at: https://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/files/documents/unesco-science-report-2010-the-current-status-of-sciencearound-the-world-en.pdf

4. UNESCO Science Report 2021, available at: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000377433/PDF/377433eng.pdf.multi

5. Izvestnye initsiativy po sotrudnichestvu Yug — Yug i trekhstoronnemu sotrudnichestvu [Notable South-South and Triangular Cooperation Initiatives]. URL: https:// www.wipo.int/cooperation/ru/south_south/cooperation_initiatives.htmlhttp://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:487470/FULLTEXT01.pdf

6. Number of college and university students from China in the United States from academic year 2010/11 to 2020/21. Statista, available at: https://www.statista.com/ statistics/372900/number-of-chinese-students-that-study-in-the-us/

7. Learning mobility statistics. Eurostat. Statistics Explained, available at: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Learning_mobility_statistics

8. Danilin I.V. Amerikano-kitayskaya tekhnologicheskaya voyna: riski i vozmozhnosti dlya KNR i global’nogo tekhnologicheskogo sektora [US-China Tech War: Risks and Opportunities for China and the Global Tech Sector]. Sravnitel’naya politika, 2020, vol. 11, no 4, pp. 160–176.

9. Executive Order 14083 of September 15, 2022 Ensuring Robust Consideration of Evolving National Security Risks by the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States. Federal Register, 2022, vol. 87, no 181, pp. 57369–57374.

10. Chaudhuri R. How Washington and New Delhi Can Further Tech Ties, available at: https://carnegieendowment.org/files/Chaudhuri_iCET.pdf

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.22-31

In the modern world, deep structural changes are taking place due to changes in technological structures. This process is accompanied by dramatic changes in the system of economic assessments and large-scale shifts in the economy.

Global energy industry is facing serious challenges and upheavals, requiring the search for new development opportunities for the fuel and electric complex. There are two key components implied here. The first one is the energy challenges facing the Eurasian Economic Union. The second is the readiness to overcome them through joint efforts.

References:

1. Gavrilina E.A., Lakhno P.G. Pravovoe obespechenie stanovleniya i razvitiya energeticheskikh rynkov v Rossii (nefti, nefteproduktov i prirodnogo gaza) [Legal Support for the Formation and Development of Energy Markets in Russia (Oil, Oil Products and Natural Gas)]. Predprinimatel’skoe pravo, 2009, no 3, pp. 46–54.

2. Mezhdunarodnyy forum “Rossiyskaya energeticheskaya nedelya”. Panel’naya diskussiya “Global’naya energetika v mnogopolyarnom mire”. 12 oktyabrya 2022 g. [International Forum “Russian Energy Week”. Panel Discussion “Global Energy in a Multipolar World”. October 12, 2022]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Prezidenta RF, available at: http:// www.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/69584

3. Abakumova M.M. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’ EAES: vyzovy i riski [Energy Security of the EAEU: Challenges and Risks]. Innovatsii i investitsii, 2018, no 1, pp. 89–92.

4. Demidova E.V., Avilova V.V. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’: vyzovy, riski, perspektivy obespecheniya: Monografiya [Energy Security: Challenges, Risks, Prospects for Ensuring: Monograph]. Kazan’, Izd-vo KNITU, 2018, 188 p.

5. Likhachev V.L. Energeticheskaya bezopasnost’ i napravleniya ee obespecheniya v EAES [Energy Security and Directions of its Provision in the EAEU]. Energeticheskaya politika, 2017, no 1, pp. 47–55.

6. Borodaev V.E. K voprosu ob energeticheskoy bezopasnosti Evraziyskogo ekonomicheskogo soyuza: Energeticheskoe pravo: modeli i tendentsii razvitiya: Sb. materialov III Mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii [On the Issue of Energy Security of the Eurasian Economic Union: Energy Law: Models and Development Trends. Collection of Materials of the III International Scientific and Practical Conference]. Pod red. A.V. Gabova. Belgorod, 2022, pp. 81–91.

7. Dogovor o Evraziyskom ekonomicheskom soyuze ot 29 maya 2014 g. [Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union of May 29, 2014]. Ofitsial’nyy sayt Evraziyskoy ekonomicheskoy komissii, 2014, 5 iyunya, available at: http://www.eurasiancommission.org/

8. Dogovor o prisoedinenii Respubliki Armeniya k Dogovoru o Evraziyskom ekonomicheskom soyuze ot 29 maya 2014 g. (podpisan v g. Minske 10 oktyabrya 2014 g.) [Treaty on the accession of the Republic of Armenia to the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union of May 29, 2014 (signed in Minsk on October 10, 2014)]. Ofitsial’nyy internet-portal pravovoy informatsii. 2015. 13 yanvarya, available at: http://www.pravo.gov.ru

DOI: 10.33917/es-5.197.2024.14-21

The most important conditions for socio-economic development of countries in the «era of globalization» are now rapidly turning into barriers. On the contrary, what was previously considered a burdensome cost to the national economy now can become a factor in generating benefits, including the economic ones. Macroeconomic targets begin to «lose» to fundamental political economic values. In such circumstances, the priority of economic policy becomes not a quantitative economic growth or nominal inflation and unemployment indicators, but a technological «leap» potential. The article problematizes the dominant paradigm of a global socio-economic development and outlines the contours of its alternative. This alternative, according to the authors, is capable to become a conceptual basis for global leadership in the 21st century.

References:

1. Who Cares Wins, 2004–08: Issue Brief. International Finance Corporation, available at: https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/444801491483640669/ pdf/113850-BRI-IFC-Breif-whocares-PUBLIC.pdf

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