DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.122.2025.100-109

The article examines the factors influencing the dynamics of housing construction in Moscow between 2019 and 2024, with a particular focus on the role of banking instruments in ensuring the stability of the construction industry. It explores the effects of the pandemic, changes in credit policies, and legislative innovations such as the reduction of warranty periods and the lowering of penalty sanctions. The findings suggest that economic instability and shifts in consumer preferences have a significant impact on the market structure, while financial instruments help mitigate the negative effects of crisis situations. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach aimed at further improving financial mechanisms and adapting legislation to support the stable development of the construction sector.

References: 

1. Housing commissioning. Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat). URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/analitika/vvod_zhilya (In Russ.)

2. Monitoring of housing construction volumes. Ministry of Construction and Housing and Communal Services of the Russian Federation. Housing policy. URL: https://minstroyrf.gov.ru/trades/zhilishnaya-politika/8/  (In Russ.)

3. Housing construction in the Russian Federation in 2023 increased by 7.5%, to 110.4 million sq. m. – Rosstat. Interfax. January 26, 2024. URL: https://www.interfax-russia.ru/realty/news/zhilishchnoe-stroitelstvo-v-rf-v-2023-g-vyroslo-na-7-5-do-110-4-mln-kv-m-rosstat (In Russ.)

4. Moscow residential real estate market overview based on the results of May 2024. Moscow Analytical Center. URL: https://ac-mos.ru/download/estate/2024_07_01/ (In Russ.)

5. Financing of shared-equity construction. Bank of Russia. URL: https://www.cbr.ru/banking_sector/equity_const_financing/ (In Russ.)

6. Borisyako М.А., Valershteyn A.V. ESG-transformation of companies in the investment and construction industry. In: XXXVI International Plekhanov Readings. Collection of articles by the conference participants. In 4 volumes. Moscow, April 25–27, 2023. Moscow: Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 2023. pp. 22–26. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/eskota (In Russ.)

7. Abbasov E.U. Elements of ESG transformation in the investment system in the construction industry. In: Sustainable development (ESG): finance, economics, industry. Proceedings of the IV National scientific and practical conference with international participation, St. Petersburg, October 19-20, 2023. St. Petersburg: Center for Scientific and Production Technologies «Asterion», 2023. pp. 186–190. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/filxzm (In Russ.)

8. Lomoro A., Mossa G., Pellegrino R., Ranieri L. Optimizing Risk Allocation in Public-Private Partnership Projects by Project Finance Contracts. The Case of Put-or-Pay Contract for Stranded Posidonia Disposal in the Municipality of Bari. Sustainability. 2020; 12(3):806. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12030806 (In Eng.)

9. The districts of Moscow where new buildings have fallen in price by 10-15% in a month are named. RBC Real Estate. November 5, 2024. URL: https://realty.rbc.ru/news/672562309a7947b8d6190932?from=copy (In Russ.)

DOI: 10.33917/es-2.200.2025.48-53

The article presents distribution of the largest Russian banks by the size of the loan portfolio, which made it possible to substantiate the fact that in the Russian credit system there is a high level of differentiation in interest rates and conditions for attracting loans, which has an ambiguous effect on the quality of the credit process. The author identifies a modern problem of interaction between banking market entities and clients – the presence of high debt on loans, which will allow in the future to develop and apply, within the framework of banks’ credit policy, the most rational repayment scheme.

References: 

1. Frygin A.V., Vorob’ev D.R., Prokof’ev M.N. Kreditovanie publichno-pravovykh obrazovaniy kak instrument dolgovoy politiki gosudarstva [Crediting of Public Legal Entities as an Instrument of State Debt Policy]. Bankovskoe delo, 2022, no 7(341), pp. 28–32.

2. Krichevets E.A., Fedosyuk M.Yu. Sravnitel’nyy analiz bankovskogo i obligatsionnogo kreditovaniya predpriyatiy v Rossiyskoy Federatsii [Comparative Analysis of Banking and Bond Lending to Enterprises in the Russian Federation]. Nauka bez granits, 2021, no 2(54), pp. 82–89.

3. Galuzin L.A., Mel’nichenko T.Yu. Analiz kreditnogo portfelya fizicheskikh lits kommercheskogo banka [Analysis of the Loan Portfolio of Individuals of a Commercial Bank]. Vestnik nauki, 2024, vol. 2, no 1(70), pp. 50–58.

4. Nikonov N.V., Sirotkin A.S. Rost roznichnogo kreditovaniya v rossiyskikh regionakh [The Growth of Retail Lending in Russian Regions]. Finansovyy zhurnal, 2019, no 1, pp. 56–65.

5. Bernadina E.E. Upravlenie kachestvom kreditnogo portfelya [Credit Portfolio Quality Management]. Vestnik nauki i tvorchestva, 2021, no 5(65), pp. 14–20.

6. Kuznetsov D.M. Upravlenie kreditnym portfelem banka v usloviyakh sovremennoy ekonomiki [Management the Bank’s Loan Portfolio in the Modern Economy]. Benefitsiar, 2020, no 72, pp. 3–7.

7. Moldabekova A.Sh. Kreditnyy portfel’ kommercheskikh bankov i problemy vozvrata kredita [Loan Portfolio of Commercial Banks and Problems of Loan Repayment]. Forum, 2021, no 1(24), pp. 37–42.

8. Bagaeva N.Yu., Popova L.V. Otsenka kachestva formirovaniya kreditnogo portfelya kommercheskogo banka [Assessment of the Quality of the Formation of the Loan Portfolio of a Commercial Bank]. Aktual’nye voprosy sovremennoy ekonomiki, 2023, no 12, pp. 239–247.

9. Krupneyshie banki po summe kreditov fizlits v 2024 godu [The Largest Banks in Terms of the Amount of Loans to Individuals in 2024]. BROBANK, available at: https://brobank.ru/krupnejshie-banki-po-summe-kreditov-fizlic-v-2024-godu/

10. Myagkova M.V., Kuznetsova E.G., Shilkina T.E. Formirovanie kreditnogo portfelya kommercheskogo banka [Formation of the Loan Portfolio of a Commercial

Bank]. Upravlencheskiy uchet, 2021, no 3, pp. 508–517.

11. Ryabinina E.V. Sovremennoe sostoyanie korporativnogo kreditnogo portfelya rossiyskikh kommercheskikh bankov [The current State of the Corporate Loan Portfolio of Russian Commercial Banks]. Journal of Economy and Business, 2018, vol. 5, part 2, pp. 34–42.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.196.2024.18-25

Despite improving economic indicators and revisions towards better forecasts for 2024, systemic threats and risks, which are not always obvious, remain in the global economy. In the article, the author draws attention to a number of new problems and circumstances that are changing financial landscape in the world. In particular, attention is paid to expanding approaches of central banks in new conditions, risks arising from the technological advancement of commercial banks, which requires more careful control to prevent a destabilizing effect on the financial sector as a whole, etc.

References:

1. BIS. Annual Economic Report. Basel, June, 2023, available at: https://www.bis.org/publ/arpdf/ar2023e.htm

2. UN. World Economic Situation and Prospects. May 2024, available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economic-situationand-prospects-as-of-mid-2024/

3. Bank JP Morgan otkroet bolee 500 novykh otdeleniy v blizhayshie tri goda [JP Morgan will Open More than 500 New Branches in the Next Three Years]. Kommersant. 2024. 6 fevralya. URL: https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6494367

4. China’s central bank hints it may add treasury bond trades to policy toolkit. Reuters. April 23, 2024, available at: https://www.reuters.com/world/china/ chinas-central-bank-hints-it-may-add-treasury-bond-trades-policy-toolkit-2024-04-23/

5. UN. World Economic Situation and Prospects. January 2024. UN, available at: https://www.un.org/development/desa/dpad/publication/world-economicsituation-and-prospects-2024/

6. Roskongress. Zamorozka aktivov. Traditsii i novye printsipy raboty Zapada s aktivami tret’ikh stran [Росконгресс. Roscongress. Freeze of Assets. Traditions and New Principles of Western Work with Assets of Third Countries]. Roskongress, 2023, Dekabr’ available at: https://roscongress.org/materials/ zamorozka-aktivov-samoupravstvo-ili-zakonnyy-shag/

Given the recent economic situation in Russia, occurred due to the fall in oil prices and sanctions restrictions it can be concluded that in the foreseeable future, most of Russia’s budget revenues will amount to non-oil revenues. In this connection it is necessary to create conditions for improving competitiveness of the domestic industry and its diversification. This problem cannot be solved without government assistance. The article discusses one of the most important measures of the state support for industrial investment projects implementation — Projects Financing Program (RF Government Resolution of October 11, 2014 № 1044). The article presents detailed specifications, conditions, advantages and disadvantages, as well as results of the Projects Financing Program functioning in 2015. Special attention is paid to describing selection procedures of investment projects and principals with timelines and performance characteristics of each of its stages. Based on the analysis of key aspects of projects selection and funding within the Projects Financing Program a number of recommendations for stakeholders of this process is formulated.

Financial institutions are special casino, privileged bookmakers, because governments give them the guarantees: in case of insolvency, they will be saved.