DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.125.2025.58-63

This article is devoted to the development and analysis of an economic model for the implementation of early degassing of highly gaseous coal seams. In the context of constantly increasing requirements for ensuring the safety of mining operations, as well as reducing environmental and man-made impacts, the use of coal seam degassing methods at the stages of their development is of particular importance. Early degassing can significantly reduce the level of gas content in the working horizons, increase the safety of mine operation and reduce the cost of subsequent degassing and elimination of threats. The paper presents the basic principles of forming an economic model that takes into account all stages of the implementation of degassing measures. Special attention is paid to analyzing the costs of implementing degassing technologies, assessing the economic effectiveness of measures, taking into account possible risks and uncertainties.

References:

1. Zolotykh S.S., Karasevich A.M. Problems of commercial methane production in the Kuznetsk coal basin. M.: ISPIN, 2002. 570 p.

2. Kuzina E.S., Mirzabalaev R.V. Problems of development of high–gas coal deposits in Russia/ Ugol journal. 2025;3:140–144. DOI: 10.18796/0041-5790-2025-3-140-144

3. Kuzina E.S., Ilyin M.V., Mirzabalaev R.V. The concept of early degassing of coal seams for the development of the coal industry and the economy of the region. Microeconomics. 2025;1:96–102. DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.120.2025.96-102

4. Slastunov S.V., Kolikov K.S., Sadov A.P., Khautiev A.M.B., Komissarov I.A. Ensuring the safety and intensive development of gas-bearing coal seams based on their complex degassing preparation. Mining Information and Analytical Bulletin (scientific and technical journal). 2023;2:152–166.

5. The program for the development of the coal industry for the period up to 2035, approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated June 13, 2020 No. 1582-r. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_355241/

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.125.2025.47-57

The current stage of economic development in the country increases the role of financial and economic modeling in the process of making managerial decisions. A well-formed model makes it possible to predict economic results in the long term, determine development priorities, and optimize sources of financing for the organization’s activities. The peculiarity of financial and economic modeling of the mining enterprise is expressed in the industry specifics, which consists in taking into account the influence of fundamental natural factors on the result of the activity of the research object. Such factors include the mining, geological, geographical and economic conditions of the deposit, as well as the physico-chemical properties of minerals and host rocks. The article presents the main differences between financial and economic modeling of a mining enterprise and a standard industrial enterprise. The definition of the «financial and economic model of a mining enterprise» and the basic principles of its compilation are proposed. The algorithm and structure of the model are described. The software that facilitates the rapid and high-quality compilation of the model is indicated.

References:

1. Simonova V.L., Samoilova A.A. Development of interfirm interactions. Journal of Economic Theory. 2017;3:165–170.

2. Dergachev A.L. The role and significance of the mineral resource complex for national economies: solid minerals. Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 4. Geology. 2020;3:3–11.

3. Gross domestic product (in 2021 prices) 2011–2024. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/VVP_god_s1995-2024.xlsx

4. Kozlov A.A. The mineral resource complex accounts for 40% of budget revenues. Parliamentary newspaper. URL: /https://www.pnp.ru/economics/52496088-kozlov/

5. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 11, 2024 No. 1838-r «On the Strategy for the Development of the Mineral Resource Base of the Russian Federation until 2050». Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation. 2024. No. 53 (Part II).

6. Chernysh A. Financial and Economic Model: 10 Development Rules. URL: https://krconsult.org/read/finansovo-ekonomicheskaya-model-10-pravil-razrabotki/

7. Kavyrshina O.A. Principles and Problems of Forming a Financial and Economic Model of an Industrial Enterprise / O. A. Kavyrshina, O. V. Khoroshilova. Bulletin of the Voronezh State Technical University. 2013;9(6–2):130–134.

8. Ryazanov I.E. Financial and economic model of the organization: conceptual content and sustainability issues. Science and practice in the modern world: Proceedings of the II International scientific and practical conference, Chistopol, April 30, 2015. Chistopol: Brig Publishing House, 2015. pp. 119–126.

9. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of the Russian Federation of December 11, 2006, No. 278 «On approval of the Classification of reserves and forecast resources of solid minerals». URL: https://base.garant.ru/12151221/?ysclid=meu58yxn6 h925347950

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.123.2025.78-83

When adopting certain regulatory legal acts in subsoil use, specialists of legislative and executive authorities do not think about the need to coordinate innovations with the accompanying provisions of other legislative acts. The article, using the example of individual areas of the adopted strategic goals and objectives established in the Strategy for the Development of the Mineral Resource Base of the Russian Federation until 2050, examines issues of harmonization of legislation with an assessment of lost profits from the lack of synchronization of regulatory legal acts in subsoil use.

References:

1. Report on form No. 1NM «Report on the accrual and receipt of taxes, fees and other mandatory payments to the budget system of the Russian Federation for 2023». URL: https://www. nalog.gov.ru›rn21/related_activities/statistics

2. Melehin E.S. Improving the institutional environment for the development of the oil and gas complex of Russia. Mineral resources of Russia. Economy and management. 2023;1:53-56.

3. Panfilov E.I. On improving the quality of federal laws concerning the development of mineral resources of the earth’s interior (expert assessment). Rational development of subsoil. 2020;1:50-56.

4. Federal Law «On the Development of Small and Medium-Sized Entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation» dated July 24, 2007 No. 209-FZ (latest revision). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_52144/

5. Melehin E.S. On improving the institutional environment for the development of small and medium-sized businesses in hydrocarbon production. Mineral Resources of Russia. Economy and Management. 2022;1:54-59.

6. Law of the Russian Federation «On Subsoil» dated February 21, 1992 No. 2395-1 (latest revision). URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_343/

7. Strategy for the Development of the Mineral Resource Base of the Russian Federation until 2050. Approved by the Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated 11.07.2024 No. 1838-r. URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_481663/

8. Order of the Government of the Russian Federation dated August 30, 2022 No. 2473-r «On approval of the list of main types of strategic mineral raw materials». URL: https://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_425542/

9. Melehin E.S. Development of rent taxation in the extraction of solid minerals. Mine surveying and subsoil use. 2021;3:3-8.

10. Apatite and nepheline concentrate: mineral base, prospects. URL: http:// newchemistry.ru›printletter.php?n_id=2410

11. Boyarko G.Yu. Main and associated useful components of complex mineral raw materials: technological and economic problems of their extraction and sale. Mineral resources of Russia. Economics and management. 2024;5:74-80. 

DOI: 10.33917/mic-6.119.2024.50-54

The article is devoted to the development of a digital model of geological and economic assessment of exploration for hydrocarbon raw materials in Russia. The main approaches to the formation of a digital model of hydrocarbon exploration are considered. The interaction of all participants in the process of preparing a digital model of geological and economic assessment is justified.

References:

1. The national project «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation». URL: https://digital.gov.ru/ru/activity/directions/858

2. Yelovskaya M.A. World experience in building a digital economy prospects for digitalization of the Russian economy. Izvestiya St. Petersburg State University of Economics. 2022;(5–2 (137)):35–41.

3. Korotkov S.B., Polyakov E.E., Korotkov B.S. Regional three-dimensional geological models of oil and gas provinces as a basis for prospecting and exploration. Scientific and technical collection of Vesti gazovoi nauki. 2017;(3 (31)):308–316.

4. Germakhanov A.A., Gert A.A., Kazanov O.V., Gorshenin N.E. Pestrikov A.A., Romanyuk V.B. Information and analytical system for assessing the economic efficiency of geological exploration facilities in federal programs and projects. Mineral Resources of Russia. Economics and management. 2024;1: 28–35.

5. Mursalyan A.V., Bochkova T.A. Digitalization of the economy and its impact on individual sectors of the economy. Economics and Business: theory and practice. 2022; (4–2(86)):47–50.

6. Kuzina E.S., Melekhin E.S. On the reliability of geological and economic estimates in subsurface use//Mineral resources of Russia. Economics and Management, 2019;5:52–55.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-4.117.2024.103-107

The article considers aspects of the use of an organizational and economic mechanism for the rational use of hydrocarbons. The author presents trends in the development of subsurface use of hydrocarbons, as well as factors constraining the development of geological exploration and rational subsurface use of hydrocarbons. A scheme of the organizational and economic mechanism of rational subsurface use of hydrocarbons has been developed and a system of interaction by blocks has been described. Conclusions are drawn regarding the application of the organizational and economic mechanism in the fuel and economic complex of the country.

References:

1. Law of the Russian Federation of 21.02.1992 No. 2395-1 «On Subsoil».

2. Davydov A.V. Issues of rational subsoil use in modern conditions. Georesources. 2023;25(3):82–88.

3. Kuzina E.S. Organizational and economic mechanism in subsoil use // Proceedings of the II International scientific and practical conference «Modern world scientific achievements in the context of global challenges», February 28, 2024, Kazan. Publ. «Science and World», 2024. 413 p.

4. Melehin E.S., Kuzina E.S. Methodological approach to assessing lost profits and damage caused to subsoil as a result of their irrational use. Microeconomics. 2020;1(90):74–79.

5. Melekhin E.S. On the Problems of Rational Subsoil Use. Mineral Resources of Russia. Economics and Management. 2023;4(183):49–52.

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.116.2024.76-80

The article proposes an investment and economic model for carrying out geological exploration of hydrocarbons on the territory of the Russian Federation. The expedient sequence of performing economic calculations implies the passage of the following stages. The author has developed a scheme of the investment and economic model of geological exploration. The stages of the implementation of the investment and economic model of exploration are described.

References:

1. Bogatkina Yu.G., Eremin N.A., Sardanashvili O.N., Lyndin V.N. Economic assessment of the development of the Olkhovskoye deposit using various tax models in subsoil use. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2019;1(169):14-19. (In Russ.).

2. Melekhin E.S., Afonina I.A. Problems of geological, economic and cost assessment in subsoil use. Microeconomics. 2018;1:28-30. (In Russ.).

3. Melekhin E.S. Economic aspects of the formation of a system of rational subsoil use in modern conditions. Monograph. M.: Russian State University of Oil and Gas (National Research University) named after I.M. Gubkina, 2018. 147 p.

4. Melekhin E.S. Application of design management methods in subsoil use. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2021;2 (194):44-49. (In Russ.).

5. Sharf I.V., Mikhalchuk A.A., Filimonova I.V. Dynamic efficiency of reproductive processes in resource-extracting territories. News of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Georesources Engineering. 2019;330(10):102-110. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.115.2024.75-80

The formation of revenues of the country’s consolidated budget largely depends on the receipt of taxes from subsoil use, where the mineral extraction tax plays a decisive role. Due to the strengthening of its fiscal role, the tax is losing its regulatory significance for the rational use of subsoil. The article examines the tax regulation of the use of hydrocarbon reserves based on a methodological approach to assessing their value and the mechanism for calculating the per-ton rate of reserve redemption. By establishing per-ton reserve redemption rates for newly commissioned hydrocarbon fields, the state acquires a stable source of income and an effective mechanism for monitoring the rational use of subsoil.

References:

1. Tax Code of the Russian Federation (Part II) [Electronic resource]. URL: www.consultant.ru

2. Pelmeneva A.A. Features of hydrocarbon production taken into account in the modern tax system of Russia. Mineral Resources of Russia. Economics and Management. 2020;4–5:69–74. (In Russ.).

3. Grigoriev G.A., Otmas A.A. The tax system as a factor in stabilizing oil production: the state and problems of reform. Mineral Resources of Russia. Economics and Management. 2019;4:21–28. (In Russ.).

4. Panfilov E.I. On improving the quality of federal laws relating to the development of mineral resources of the earth’s subsoil (expert assessment). Rational development of subsoil. 2020;1:50–56. (In Russ.).

5. Kimelman S.A. Mining rent: on the issue of a different taxation system. Oil and Gas Vertical. 2010;7:26–33. (In Russ.).

6. State report «On the state and use of the mineral resource base of the Russian Federation in 2021». M.: MPR of Russia, 2022. 626 p.

7. Classification of reserves and resources of oil and flammable gases. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation dated November 1, 2013 No. 477 (Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 31, 2013, registration No. 30943) [Electronic resource]. URL: www.consultant.ru

8. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia dated September 30, 2008 No. 232 (as amended on October 15, 2019) «On approval of the Methodology for determining the starting amount of a one-time payment for the use of subsoil» (together with the «Methodology for calculating the minimum (starting) amount of a one-time payment for the use of subsoil») (Registered with the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 22, 2008 No. 12914) [Electronic resource]. URL: www.consultant.ru

9. Melekhin E.S. Economic aspects of rational subsoil use. Microeconomics. 2023;1:61–66. (In Russ.).

10. Kuzina E.S., Melekhin E.S. On the reliability of geological and economic estimates in subsoil use. Mineral Resources of Russia. Economics and Management. 2019;5:52–55. (In Russ.).

11. Bogatkina Yu.G. Problems of valuation of reserves and resources of natural hydrocarbons taking into account risk factors. Nezh Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2021;4 (196):8–13. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.114.2024.75-86

In this article, the authors substantiate the concepts of sustainability, stability and risk of conservation and development of three macro–environments — economic, demographic and environmental (natural), based on the provisions of international documents on the creation of sustainable development processes in countries. The level of pollution and the degree of protection of such environmental components as surface water bodies, soil, fauna, flora, land as a territory and waste are based on specific examples of their current state in the Russian Federation and current problems of preserving and improving the economic, demographic and environmental components are identified. Proposals for environmental protection in draft Resolutions of the Government of the Russian Federation are analyzed. Risks expected in the future in the economic sphere are determined for each specific example based on the developed sustainability model, demographic and environmental conditions.

References:

1. The concept of Sustainable Development of the territories of the countries UN Conference on Environment and Development. New York, 1993. Vol. 1–3.

2. Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: adopted December 11, 1997 Official text in Russian. Vebsayt OON. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/documents/ declconv/conventions/kyoto.shtml

3. Status of Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol. Internet Archive 04.04.2016. URL: http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/status_of_ratification/items/2613.php

4. Paris Agreement. Veb-sayt OON. 2023. URL: https://www.un.org/ru/climatechange/paris-agreement

5. Babkin A., Bespalova S., Senetskaya L., Skotarenko O. Tools for digitalization of economic processes for supporting management decision-making in the Arctic region. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019. Volume 302, Issue 1.

6. Babkina L., Skotarenko O. Features of the qualimetric approach in regional studies. Scientific and Technical Bulletin of St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University. Economic sciences. 2013;5:161–165.

7. Bykovskaia E., Maiurova A., Kustikova M., Timofeeva I., Tyurikova E. Assessment of the environmental risks in the development of fossil fuels deposits in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021. Volume 723, Issue 5.

8. Zaychenko I. M., Kalinina O. V., Gutman S. S. Labor resources of the Far North territories: Problems and prospects Proceedings of the 28th International Business Information Management Association Conference — Vision 2020: Innovation Management Development Sustainability and Competitive Economic Growth. URL: https://www.scopus.com/inward/

9. Kozin M., Plotnikov V., Skotarenko O. Assessment of challenges, threats, and prospects in development of cities and towns in the Arctic zone. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2019. Volume 302, Issue 1.

10. On the national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2024: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 7, 2018 No. 204. Legal reference system «Garant» URL: https://base.garant.ru/71937200/?ysclid=lly1f15vms458613544

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.110.2023.80-85

The article considers the economic and resource state of geological exploration in Russia. The problems faced by the exploration industry are noted. The ways of solving problems in the investment of exploration work due to the support of the state and the regulation of tax legislation are proposed.

References:

1. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation «On approval of the Strategy for the development of the mineral resource base of the Russian Federation until 2035» dated December 22, 2018 No. 2914-r. – Access from the legal reference system «Garant».

2. The future of Russian exploration under sanctions. URL: https://sectormedia.ru/news/neftegazodobycha/budushchee-rossiyskoy-geologorazvedki-v-usloviyakh-sanktsiy/

3. Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation. URL: https://www.mnr.gov.ru

4. The State Program of the Russian Federation «Reproduction and Use of Natural Resources» (as amended by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of March 31, 2021 No. 515).

5. Exploration: trends and prospects. URL: http://eage.ru/upload/File/Overview_of_trends_and_prospects_of_geological exploration_WEB.pdf

6. Rosgeo: exploration volumes did not decrease significantly in 2022. URL: https://rg.ru/2022/12/27/rosgeologiia-v-2022-godu-obemy-geologorazvedkisushchestvenno-ne-snizilis.html

7. Rosnedra: Information on the implementation of geological exploration for January-June 2022 – form No. 2-gr. URL: https://nangs.org/analytics/rosnedra-svedeniya-ovypolnenii-geologorazvedochnykh-rabot-za-yanvar-dekabr-2018-goda-forma-2-gr-rar-xls

8. Agafonova A.S., Melekhin E.S. The effectiveness of the results of the subprogram «reproduction of the mineral resource base, geological study of the subsoil». Collection of students’ abstracts «Issues of economics and management of the oil and gas complex». M.: GRU oil and gas them. THEM. Gubkina, 2022, pp. 35-36. (In Russ.).

9. Melekhin E.S. Methodology of tax regulation of the use of hydrocarbon reserves. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2023;1 (217):18-23. (In Russ.).

10. Melekhin E.S., Panfilov E.I. Problems of rational use of the mineral resource base of hydrocarbons in Russia. Problems of economics and management of the oil and gas complex. 2022;6 (210):5-11. (In Russ.).

DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.108.2023.74-84

This article discusses the organizational, economic and technological aspects of the processing of MSW into electricity in the leading EU countries under economic sanctions. The issues of using and applying foreign, in particular German experience in the field of state incentives for companies to use renewable energy sources in the energy sector and the processing of municipal solid waste were considered. It has been established that over the past three decades, the consumption of brown coal in the fuel and energy complex of Germany has decreased from 21 to 8%, hard coal from 15 to 8%, and the use of nuclear energy has decreased from 11 to 6%, while gas consumption has increased from 11 to 25%. It has been revealed that over the past few years Germany has been the leader in the EU in terms of MSW recycling and the share of waste return to the economic turnover in Germany is 66%, while in the EU countries this figure does not exceed 46% on average. In particular, in Germany, electronic industry waste is 100% recycled, and waste paper, cardboard and glass are recycled by more than 85%. The German technology of MSW processing is analyzed, which allows the most efficient use of organic waste for the production of renewable energy sources, including biogas and fertilizers for agriculture.

References:

1. Alekseev A.E., Novitsky I.Yu., Zhenzhebir V.N., Pshava T.S., Shestov A.V. International globalization and transformation of the concept of energy security. Online journal of Science Studies. 2015;7(6(31)):2. (In Russ).

2. Alekseev A.E., Novitsky I.Yu., Zhenzhebir V.N., Pshava T.S., Dadugin M.V. Energy security in the European Union: problems of «dependence» and development. Online journal of Science Studies. 2015;7(6 (31)):3. (In Russ).

3. Bondarenko A.M., Kachanova L.S., Chelbin S.M. Technological bases of the production process of humic organomineral fertilizers. Far Eastern Agrarian Bulletin. 2022;16(4):93-99. (In Russ).

4. Bondarenko A.M., Kachanova L.S., Baryshnikov A.V. Determination of technological and design parameters of a brush auger for processing liquid manure as part of a mobile installation. International Agricultural Journal. 2022;65(3). (In Russ).

5. Vukovich N.A., Polyanskaya O.A. Bioenergy as a driver of green economy development in Russia. Beneficiary. 2020;4 (37):4-10. (In Russ).

6. Gromova O.N., Papoyan A.N. Experience of organization of solid household waste management abroad. Journal of Management Studies. 2019;5(2):3-6. (In Russ).

7. Golovanov V.I. The role of ecology in the sustainable development of society: dialectics and retrospective. Monograph. Moscow, Publishing House: LLC «MAX Press», 2021.

8. Golovanov V.I., Kirnarskaya S.V., Anfimova A.Yu. Prospects for the implementation of programs for the collection and processing of household waste. In the collection: Strategic directions in the regions: ecological, economic and social aspects. Materials of the international scientific and practical conference. Editor-in-chief: A.V. Antonov, 2019. pp. 180-189.