DOI: 10.33917/es-4.162.2019.92-99

The article deals with correlation between the trade and the power nature of the East India Company (1600–1874) as a key agent of the British Empire in Asia. The main stages of its activity are traced, transformation of its strategies and goals is explained. If in the first century and a half economic and political strategies of the company complemented each other with priority of the first, then with the company’s institutional mutation in the middle of the XVIII century there emerged tension between strategies arose. The company’s coming to power in Bengal, establishment of state control over the company and the British industrial revolution not only brought the company’s political strategies to the forefront, but replaced its economic goals with political ones, transforming the company into an instrument of governing India

More than eighty years have passed since the ruling elite of England, France, Italy, Germany, and Czechoslovakia signed the Munich Agreement — a treaty that destroyed the integrity of Czechoslovakia. In the era of the “post-archive revolution of the 1990s” emergence in the scientific circulation of new, previously unknown documents has caused a new round of interest to this event among historians and the public.

In the first quarter of the XXth century, just like nowadays, the issues of reorganizing Russian economy were addressed. The most important scientific work of the early XXth century is considered the book of V.I. Grinevetsky. His colleague in the Moscow Technical School N.F. Charnovsky, an outstanding scientist in the production organization sphere, the author of the world’s first manual on management, also contributed to creating the country’s economic power. The article attempts to answer the question of why namely N.F. Charnovsky, as one of the participants of the Industrial Party process, was executed in 1938.

The screenplay about events related to the 1938 Munich agreement.

The article is focused on the life and work of the outstanding scientist Academician Jermen M. Gvishiani. It describes the main milestones of his personal and scientific biography, marks extraordinary personality traits that enabled him to achieve outstanding success in science, to ensure implementation of unique socially significant projects in the Soviet Union, to become a creator and leader of scientific organizations that had a significant impact on the development of mankind — International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis, All-Union Scientific Research Institute for Systemic Studies, International Scientific Research Institute of management problems, to become an active member of the famous Club of Rome, the founder of new scientific directions, the author of outstanding books.

Continuation of the chronicle of events related to the Munich conspiracy of 1938.

Continuation of the chronicle of events related to the Munich conspiracy of 1938.

Soon we’ll celebrate the 100th anniversary from the end of the First World War. To a large extent this war is still considered as a political, not a historical event, but it is already far enough in the past and can become the subject of an impartial research. In the present situation, of particular interest are the details of unleashing the war and specifics of its institutionalization, that is, its turning into a bloody conflict for years, the cost of which — in human lives, in money terms, and in social deformations — has repeatedly exceeded the value of disputed territories and assets. The authors are interested in a slightly different problem, though closely related to the above-mentioned: mechanisms of changing military and political leaders who demonstrated their inadequacy in wartime conditions.

Continuation of the screenplay for reading about the events related to the Munich conspiracy of 1938.

The name of Anatoly Nikolayevich Efimov, the first director of Scientific Research Economic Institute under the State Planning Committee of the USSR (SREI), elected in 1955, is associated with fundamentally new stage in the history of planning after the end of the Stalin era in 1953. Pioneer and fundamental developments of the interbranch balance, awarded with the USSR State Prize in 1968, methodology for forecasting the country’s economy development, widely used today in the market conditions, have made up the content and novelty of this stage, as well as the main vector of SREI’s scientific research. The choice of these directions is not a flash of reason or sudden enlightenment. Their roots go not only into the environment, but also to the turbulent and dramatic events of the 1920s, which became a time of choosing the way of the country’s development, overcoming economic and cultural backwardness in conditions of isolation and a hostile external environment. Transition from the policy of “military communism” to the NEP, the broadest democratization of society served as a powerful impetus for development of planned economic thought.