DOI: 10.33917/mic-2.127.2026.61-72

It has been established that Leonardo da Vinci’s competitive strategies have universal principles that can be adapted to modern business. His methods of creating unique products, such as the «sfumato» technique and an individual approach to customers, correspond to modern differentiation strategies. The approach to personal brand formation and artificial scarcity anticipates modern luxury marketing practices. Leonardo’s flexible pricing strategies contain elements relevant to the digital economy. And the combination of art, engineering, and science in his work serves as a model for modern multidisciplinary strategies.

As the conducted research has shown, the basic principles of Leonardo’s competitive strategies demonstrate amazing stability over time and can serve as a valuable guideline for modern companies. This is especially true for: companies in the creative industries (design, architecture, advertising); luxury segment enterprises; innovative start-ups; premium professional services.

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DOI: 10.33917/mic-1.120.2025.56-73

This article examines the organizational and economic aspects of identification, identification of falsification and counterfeiting as tools to ensure the economic security of production and trade of 43 commodity groups of the EAEU Customs Union (fur goods) in modern conditions. An analysis of the current situation shows that ensuring the economic security of the fur trade is not balanced in the Russian Federation and the state may lose the furring skills of industry operators, as well as the technological culture of manufacturing and wearing natural furs.

The state needs to create further conditions for the development of the domestic fur industry, ensuring economic security, countering low-quality counterfeit imports of fur products, which unscrupulous sellers sell, posing as Russian goods, and introduce protectionist measures to protect and support Russian producers.

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5. Zalomaeva E.O. The process of making economic decisions and consumer behavior from the point of view of neuroeconomics (on the example of the fur market). In the collection: Economics and Innovation. Moscow, 2022. pp. 81-85.

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