DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.92-101

Changes in the economic development priorities during transition to a post-industrial society inevitably forces us to reconsider approaches to the role of innovation in the modern economy, including in nuclear energy. The life cycles of nuclear energy resources and nuclear power units are intersected, and at this intersection energy is generated, revenue occurs, etc. The rest of these life cycles are mainly costs. Method of analyzing this life cycles intersection was named the “economic cross”. The purpose of the study presented in the article is to specify conditions, under which the final revenue, with regard to discounting, will exceed the total costs, and nuclear power technology will be profitable.

References:

1. Kleiner G.B., Rybachuk M.A., Karpinskaya V.A. Strategicheskoe planirovanie i sistemnaya optimizatsiya natsional’noi ekonomiki [Strategic Planning and System Optimization of the National Economy]. Problemy prognozirovaniya, 2022, no 3(192), pp. 6–15.

2. Kleiner G.B. Inklyuzivnyi rost v ekonomike zamknutogo tsikla [Inclusive Growth in a Circular Economy] Ekonomicheskoe vozrozhdenie Rossii, 2022, no 3(73), pp. 37–44.

3. Kleiner G.B., Rybachuk M.A., Karpinskaya V.A. Systemic factors and prerequisites for the inclusive growth of the russian economy. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, 2022, vol. 287, pp. 3–14.

4. Steblyanskaya A.N., Ai M., Efimova O.V., Kleiner G.B., Rybachuk M.A. Multi-capital approach for sustainable growth: experience from the oil & gas companies. Finance: Theory and Practice, 2022, vol. 26, no 4, pp. 29–43.

5. Veretekhina S.V., Kleiner G.B. Kontseptual’nye polozheniya upravleniya sotsial’no-ekonomicheskimi sistemami primenitel’no k podderzhke eksporta otechestvennoi naukoemkoi produktsii v usloviyakh novoi ekonomicheskoi real’nosti [Conceptual Provisions for Managing Socio-Economic Systems in Relation to Supporting the Export of Domestic High-Tech Products in the New Economic Reality]. Russian Economic Bulletin, 2022, vol. 5, no 4, pp. 244–251.

6. Adamov E.O. “Proryv” v yadernoi energetike [“Breakthrough” in Nuclear Power]. Energeticheskaya politika, 2019, no 4, pp. 78–85.

7. Kleiner G.B. Novaya teoriya ekonomicheskikh sistem i ee prilozheniya [New Theory of Economic Systems and Its Applications]. Vestnik RAN, 2011, no 9, pp. 794–808.

8. Timokhin D., Putilov A. Principles of Design of a Learning Management System for Development of Economic Skills for Nuclear Engineering Education. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2021, vol. 1310, pp. 40–48.

9. Timokhin D.V., Putilov A.V. Innovatsionnye vozmozhnosti ispol’zovaniya metodologii “ekonomicheskogo kresta” v prognozirovanii perspektiv razvitiya dvukhkomponentnoi atomnoi energetiki [Innovative Possibilities of Applying the “Economic Cross” Methodology in Forecasting the Development Prospects of two-component nuclear energy]. Innovatsii, 2020, no 1, pp. 12–21.

10. Putilov A., Timokhin D., Pimenova V. Adaptation of the educational process to the requirements of the global nuclear market according the concept of “economic cross” through its digitalization. Procedia Computer Science, 2020, no 169, pp. 452–457.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.102-107

The authors dwell on the problem of establishing state institutions aimed at overcoming the depopulation of Russia in the context of the current demographic crisis. As an effective tool for creating conditions for implementation of the Social Doctrine provisions, a model of information interactions is proposed, which is formed in the form of a Situational Center. The authors show the tasks of the Situational Center as a regulator of cause-and-effect relationships between each of the controlled objects that determine formation of ways out of the demographic crisis. The author’s definition of information is given.

References:

1. Glaz’ev S.Yu. Ryvok v budushchee. Rossiya v novykh tekhnologicheskom i mirokhozyaistvennom ukladakh [Leap into the Future. Russia in the New Technological and World Economic Patterns]. Moscow, Knizhnyi mir, 2018, 768 p.

2. Yakovets T.Yu. Gosudarstvennoe regulirovanie sotsiodemograficheskikh protsessov v Rossii [State Regulation of Socio-Demographic Processes in Russia]. Moscow, Prospekt, 2019, 274 p.

3. Rimashevskaya N.M. Chelovek i reformy: sekrety vyzhivaniya [Man and Reforms: Secrets of Survival]. Moscow, ISEPN RAN, 2003, 392 p.

4. Luka (Voino-Yasenetskii), arkhiep. Izbrannye tvoreniya [Selected creations]. Svyatitel’ Luka, arkhiepiskop Simferopol’skii i Krymskii. Moscow, Sibirskaya Blagozvonnitsa, 2010, p. 598

5. Gegel’ G.V.F. Raboty raznykh let [Works of different years]. Vol. 1, Moscow, 1970, p. 265.

6. Luka (Voino-Yasenetskii), arkhiep. Dukh, dusha, telo. Izbrannye tvoreniya [Spirit, Soul, Body. Selected creations]. Svyatitel’ Luka, arkhiepiskop Simferopol’skii i Krymskii. Moscow, Sibirskaya Blagozvonnitsa, 2010, pp. 563–664.

7. Yakovets T.Yu. Demograficheskoe polozhenie Rossii [Demographic Situation in Russia]. Germaniya, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2013, 76 p.

8. Yakovets T.Yu. O dvizhushchikh silakh obshchestvennogo razvitiya [On the Driving Forces of Social Development]. Filosofiya khozyaistva, 2012, no 4, pp. 25–30.

9. Sorokin Pitirim A. Glavnye tendentsii nashego vremeni [Major Trends of our Time]. Moscow, Nauka, 1997, 351 p.

10. Yakovets T.Yu. Formirovanie virtual’noi sistemy sotsiokul’turnykh tsennostei kak sledstvie razvitiya kul’tury vysokikh tekhnologii XX veka [Formation of the Virtual System of Socio-Cultural Values as a Consequence of the Development of a High-Tech Culture of the 20th Century]. Aktual’noe obshchestvovedenie. Vol. 2. Problemy i parametry. Moscow, Kostroma: Izdanie Kostromskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. N.A. Nekrasova, 2001, pp. 101–107.

11. Yurkevich E.V. Informatsionnye osobennosti sochetaniya material’nogo i dukhovnogo aspektov sushchestvovaniya zhivykh system [Informational Features of the Combination of Material and Spiritual Aspects of the Living Systems Existence]. Filosofiya i kul’tura, 2012, no 9(57), pp. 17–27.

12. Yurkevich E.V., Leshchev S.V. Konvergentnaya kauzal’nost’: informatsionnye vzaimodeistviya v biologicheskikh sistemakh [Convergent Causality: Information

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.108-113

The results of the analysis of the implementation of environmental innovations by manufacturing enterprises, carried out on the basis of methods for processing qualitative and quantitative information, are presented. The main problems hindering the innovative activity of manufacturing enterprises are outlined, among which the most significant are the lack of funds for the introduction of innovations, the high cost of innovations. Ways to solve these problems are proposed: further development of the legislative framework and regulatory documents, the use of a full cycle approach and long-term cooperation with partners in the value chain, fundraising from development institutions and specialized investment funds, the use of leasing schemes.

References:

1. Mitrofanova M. N. Innovatsionnoe razvitie obrabatyvayushchei promyshlennosti [Innovative Development of the Manufacturing Industry]. Fundamental’nye i prikladnye issledovaniya kooperativnogo sektora ekonomiki, 2019, no 2, pp. 115–123.

2. Federal’naya sluzhba gosudarstvennoi statistiki [Website]. URL: https://rosstat.gov.ru/statistics/science.

3. UN Environment Programme [Website]. URL: https://www.unep.org/

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.5

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.126-135

The paper focuses on understanding the place of the phenomena of a victim and sacrifice in the history of world culture and in sociocultural practices from its inception to the present state. The main socio-cultural pat terns of a victim and their links with other cultural universals — the game, myth, rites of passage, ethnic mentalit y are studied. The author analyses socio-cultural functions of the phenomena of a victim in the processes of changing technological structure in the Modern and Contemporary times and in the modern network societ y. It is concluded that the combination of sacrifice, game, myth and heroic principle is a universal regulating, synthesizing and promoting transitional factor. This factor in the anthroposphere triggers the process of emergence inside it of a special structure of self-maintenance and selfdevelopment, in other words, a socio-cultural matrix (invariant, homeoresis), the most impor tant element of stability in the conditions of any crisis and any transition.

References:

[1–5] see No. 2(188)/2023, p. 135.

6. Udalova G.P. Predposylki vozniknoveniya zhertvoprinosheniya kak formy sotsial’nogo povedeniya: Zhertvoprinosheniya v arkhaike: atributsiya, naznachenie, tsel’ [Prerequisites for the Emergence of Sacrifice as a Form of Social Behaviour // In the collection: Sacrifices in the Archaic: Attribution, Purpose, Designation]. Vyp. 5, Saint Petersburg, 2012.

7. Subetto A.I. V.R. Arsen’ev. Etnograf, filosof, futurology [V.R. Arseniev. Ethnographer, Philosopher, Futurologist]. Saint Petersburg, 2010.

8. Arsen’ev V.R. Zveri — bogi — lyudi [Beasts – Gods – People]. Moscow, Politizdat, 1991, 158 p.

9. Arsen’ev V.R. Svod osnovnykh ponyatii etnosofii [Code of Basic Concepts of Ethnosophy]. Moscow, Evropeiskii dom, 2006, 92 p.

10. Tailor E.B. Pervobytnaya kul’tura [Primitive Culture]. Moscow, 1989.

11. Moss M. Sotsial’naya funktsiya svyashchennogo [Social Function of the Sacred]. Saint Petersburg, 2000.

12. Moss M. Ocherk o dare. Forma i osnovanie obmena v arkhaicheskikh obshchestvakh [Essay on a Gift. Form and Basis of Exchange in Archaic Societies]. Moscow, 1996.

13. Malinovskii B. Magiya, nauka i religiya [Magic, Science and Religion]. Moscow, 1998.

14. Dmitrieva T.N. O neodnoznachnosti ponyatiya “zhertvoprinoshenie”: Zhertvoprinosheniya v arkhaike: atributsiya, naznachenie, tsel’ [On the Ambiguity of

the “Sacrifice” Concept: Sacrifices in the Archaic: Attribution, Purpose, Designation]. Vyp. 5. Saint Petersburg, 2012.

15. Tokarev S.A. Rannie formy religii [Early Forms of Religion]. Moscow, 1990.

16. Tokarev S.A. O zhertvoprinosheniyakh [About Sacrifices]. Etnograficheskoe obozrenie, 1999, no 5.

17. Butovskaya M.L. Agressiya i primirenie kak proyavlenie sotsial’nosti u primatov i cheloveka [Aggression and Reconciliation as a Manifestation of Sociality in Primates and Humans]. Moscow, 1998.

18. Kaiua R. Mif i chelovek: Chelovek i sakral’noe [Myth and Man: Man and the Sacred]. Moscow, 2003.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.6-19

Different interpretations of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine, as a rule, do not reveal the systemic nature of such operations as a universal tool for resolving accumulated contradictions in the world community and critical disproportions in the global economy. In this regard, it seems necessary to give analysis of the strategic predetermination of special military operations in the world supersystem as a fundamental pattern of maintaining the controllability of society in its many manifestations at the present stage. Basically the matter is determined by new management methodology.

References:

1. Alekseenkova E.S. Reaktsiya ital’yanskoi Respubliki na spetsial’nuyu voennuyu operatsiyu Rossii na Ukraine [Reaction of the Italian Republic to the Russian Special Military Operation in Ukraine]. Analiticheskie zapiski Instituta Evropy RAN, 2022, no 1(29), pp. 63–70.

2. Batyuk V.I. Dialog mezhdu SShA i RF po probleme strategicheskoi stabil’nosti posle nachala spetsoperatsii na Ukraine [Dialogue between the United States and Russian Federation on the Strategic Stability Issue after the Beginning of the Special Operation in Ukraine]. Rossiya i Amerika v XXI

veke, 2022, no 3.

3. Belov V.B. Reaktsiya Germanii na spetsial’nuyu voennuyu operatsiyu RF na territorii Ukrainy [Germany’s Reaction to the Special Military Operation of the Russian Federation on the Territory of Ukraine]. Analiticheskie zapiski Instituta Evropy RAN, 2022, no 1(29), pp. 56–62.

4. Golovachev V.Ts., Perminova V.A. Reaktsiya Taivanya na spetsial’nuyu voennuyu operatsiyu RF na Ukraine (kratkii obzor) [Taiwan’s Reaction to the Special Military Operation of the Russian Federation in Ukraine (brief review)]. Vostochnaya analitika, 2022, vol 13, vol. 2, pp. 22–31.

5. Denisov I.P., Krasnoslobodtsev V.P., Lyubichev V.A., Raskin A.V., Tarasov I.V. Strategii informatsionnogo protivoborstva v sovremennoi voine [Strategies of Information Confrontation in Modern Warfare]. Informatsionnye voiny, 2022, no 3(63), pp. 2–5.

6. Latypov R.F. Spetsial’naya voennaya operatsiya na Ukraine: situatsionnyi analiz [Special Military Operation in Ukraine: Situational Analysis]. Ekonomika i upravlenie: nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal, 2022, no 2(164), pp. 134–137.

7. Malinetskii G.G. Sistemnyi analiz spetsial’noi voennoi operatsii Rossii na Ukraine [System Analysis of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine]. Strategicheskaya stabil’nost’, 2022, no 3(100), pp. 22–32.

8. Mikhailenko A.N. Spetsial’naya voennaya operatsiya Rossii na Ukraine: sluchainost’ ili zakonomernost’? [Special Military Operation of Russia in Ukraine: an Accident or a Regularity?]. Voprosy natsional’nykh i federativnykh otnoshenii, 2022, vol. 12, no 4(85), pp. 1431–1448.

9. Rastorguev S.P. Informatsionnoe protivoborstvo v tselyakh i zadachakh [Information Confrontation in Goals and Objectives]. Moscow, LENAND, 2022, 304 p.

10. Orekhova A.D. Ukraina v fokuse geopoliticheskikh interesov RF i SShA: Yuzhnorossiiskoe obozrenie: Materialy Kruglogo stola [Ukraine in the Focus of Geopolitical Interests of the Russian Federation and the United States: South Russian Review: Materials of the Round Table]. Rostov n/D, Fond

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.136-141

Research program of the institutional framework of Douglass North, which was not implemented in practice by either the great researcher himself or his followers, is examined. Application of D. North’s methodological approach to analysis of a specific problem – shaping business value – allowed the author to draw the following conclusions.

It is determined that formation of business value is a process of value imputation. It was found that as a result of the process of imputing the business value, carried out within a certain institutional framework, the formed value of business can be considered as a converted form of value of a particular product. The author gives an institutional explanation of how, on the basis of the institutional framework for determining the value of business, main logically contradictory approaches to estimating the value of business are combined, and how the final quantitative value of the business worth is formed on this basis.

References:

1. Skinner K. ValueWeb. Kak fintekh-kompanii ispol’zuyut blokchein i mobil’nye tekhnologii dlya sozdaniya interneta tsennostei [ValueWeb. How Fintech Companies are Using Blockchain and Mobile Technologies to Create an Internet of Value]. Per. s angl. N. Yatsyuk. Moscow, Mann, Ivanov i Ferber, 2018, 414 p.

2. Nort D. Ponimanie protsessa ekonomicheskikh izmenenii [Understanding the Process of Economic Change]. Per. s angl. K. Martynova, N. Edel’mana. Moscow, ID Gosudarstvennogo universiteta — Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki, 2010, 253 p.

3. Nort D.K. Avtobiografiya. Lektsiya pamyati Al’freda Nobelya, prochitannaya Duglasom Nortom 9 dekabrya 1993 g. Kommentarii: Laureaty Nobelevskoi premii po ekonomike: avtobiografii, lektsii, kommentarii [Autobiography. Alfred Nobel Memorial Lecture delivered by Douglas North on December 9, 1993. Comments: Nobel Laureates in Economics: Autobiographies, Lectures, Commentaries]. Pod red. V.V. Okrepilova, vol. 2, Saint Petersburg, Nauka, 2009, pp. 297–315.

4. Nort D. Pyat’ tezisov ob institutsional’nykh izmeneniyakh: Kvartal’nyi byulleten’ kluba ekonomistov [Five Theses on Institutional Change: The Economists Club Quarterly Bulletin]. Minsk, Institut privatizatsii i menedzhmenta, 1998, pp. 3–15, available at: https://portalus.ru/modules/economics/rus_readme.php?sub

action=showfull&id=1127698362&archive=1254315015&start_from=&ucat=&.

5. Furubotn E.G., Rikhter R. Instituty i ekonomicheskaya teoriya. Dostizheniya novoi institutsional’noi ekonomicheskoi teorii [Institutes and Economic Theory. Achievements of the New Institutional Economics]. Per. s angl. pod red. V.S. Kat’kalo, N.P. Drozdovoi. Saint Petersburg, ID Sankt-Peterburgskogo un-ta, 2005, 701 p.

6. Uil’yamson O.I. Ekonomicheskie instituty kapitalizma: firmy, rynki, “otnoshencheskaya” kontraktatsiya [The Economic Institutions of Capitalism: Firms, Markets, “Relational” Contracting]. Per. s angl.; Nauch. red. i vstup. stat’ya V.S. Kat’kalo. Saint Petersburg, Lenizdat, 1996, 702 p.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.20-29

In recent decades, China’s economy has shown unprecedented qualitative growth, and one of the factors behind this growth is an active development of its space program as the most technologically advanced industry. If this growth trend continues, then China will need new sources of raw materials, and the emergence of new technologies in various branches of science and technology, including astronautics itself, will require even more active space exploration, which represents a gigantic resource base. The present article analyzes the strategies and prospects of China’s astronautics as a space power that occupies a dominant position not only in the Asia-Pacific region, but also on the planet as a whole, and also describes the reasons for China’s increased activity in the exploration of near space, primarily the Moon.

References:

1. Alekseenkova E.S. Reaktsiya ital’yanskoi Respubliki na spetsial’nuyu voennuyu operatsiyu Rossii na Ukraine [Reaction of the Italian Republic to the Russian Special Military Operation in Ukraine]. Analiticheskie zapiski Instituta Evropy RAN, 2022, no 1(29), pp. 63–70.

2. Batyuk V.I. Dialog mezhdu SShA i RF po probleme strategicheskoi stabil’nosti posle nachala spetsoperatsii na Ukraine [Dialogue between the United States and Russian Federation on the Strategic Stability Issue after the Beginning of the Special Operation in Ukraine]. Rossiya i Amerika v XXI

veke, 2022, no 3.

3. Belov V.B. Reaktsiya Germanii na spetsial’nuyu voennuyu operatsiyu RF na territorii Ukrainy [Germany’s Reaction to the Special Military Operation of the Russian Federation on the Territory of Ukraine]. Analiticheskie zapiski Instituta Evropy RAN, 2022, no 1(29), pp. 56–62.

4. Golovachev V.Ts., Perminova V.A. Reaktsiya Taivanya na spetsial’nuyu voennuyu operatsiyu RF na Ukraine (kratkii obzor) [Taiwan’s Reaction to the Special Military Operation of the Russian Federation in Ukraine (brief review)]. Vostochnaya analitika, 2022, vol 13, vol. 2, pp. 22–31.

5. Denisov I.P., Krasnoslobodtsev V.P., Lyubichev V.A., Raskin A.V., Tarasov I.V. Strategii informatsionnogo protivoborstva v sovremennoi voine [Strategies of Information Confrontation in Modern Warfare]. Informatsionnye voiny, 2022, no 3(63), pp. 2–5.

6. Latypov R.F. Spetsial’naya voennaya operatsiya na Ukraine: situatsionnyi analiz [Special Military Operation in Ukraine: Situational Analysis]. Ekonomika i upravlenie: nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal, 2022, no 2(164), pp. 134–137.

7. Malinetskii G.G. Sistemnyi analiz spetsial’noi voennoi operatsii Rossii na Ukraine [System Analysis of Russia’s Special Military Operation in Ukraine]. Strategicheskaya stabil’nost’, 2022, no 3(100), pp. 22–32.

8. Mikhailenko A.N. Spetsial’naya voennaya operatsiya Rossii na Ukraine: sluchainost’ ili zakonomernost’? [Special Military Operation of Russia in Ukraine: an Accident or a Regularity?]. Voprosy natsional’nykh i federativnykh otnoshenii, 2022, vol. 12, no 4(85), pp. 1431–1448.

DOI: 10.33917/es-4.190.2023.30-39

In the face of tough international competition in the digital economy, in order to protect national cybersecurity and economic interests, China needs to find a project that is different from the West. This is how the Digital Silk Road looks like today. Through this route China may connect the Eurasian countries and counter US sanctions. The present article dwells on strategic importance of the Digital Silk Road for China and makes suggestions on what role Russia should play in this project.

References:

1. National Research Council et al. Funding a revolution: Government support for computing research. National Academies Press, 1999.

2. Ashmanov I. Rossiya — uzhe tsifrovaya koloniya? [Is Russia Already a Digital Colony?]. Oktagon, 2020, 24 iyunya, available at: https://octagon.media/istorii/rossiya_uzhe_cifrovaya_koloniya.html.

3. Syan Kun. Konnotatsiya, struktura i puti razvitiya stroitel’stva Tsifrovogo shelkovogo puti s tochki zreniya tsifrovoi ekonomiki [Connotation, Structure and ways of Developing the Construction of the Digital Silk Road from the Digital Economy Perspective]. Western Forum, 2017, no 27(6), pp. 11–16, available at: http://www.cqvip.com/qk/81565c/201706/7000410580.html.

4. Van Daochzhen. Kitaisko-v’etnamskoe sotrudnichestvo v oblasti tsifrovoi ekonomiki s tochki zreniya Tsifrovogo shelkovogo puti [Sino-Vietnamese Cooperation in the Field of Digital Economy from the Perspective of the Digital Silk Road]. Zhurnal Ekonomicheskogo universiteta Khubei, 2021, no 19(3), available at: http://qks.hbue.edu.cn/_upload/article/files/02/a7/3935d59c49a6af985b6ea937f193/1864296a-bdf2-4219-a6d9-e0c48e85c4ad.pdf.

5. Ministerstvo torgovli Kitaiskoi Narodnoi Respubliki [Website], available at: http://chinawto.mofcom.gov.cn/article/e/r/202211/20221103366410.shtml.

6. Videnie i deistviya po sodeistviyu sovmestnomu stroitel’stvu Ekonomicheskogo poyasa Shelkovogo puti i Morskogo Shelkovogo puti XXI veka [Vision and Actions to Promote Joint Construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road]. Gosudarstvennaya administratsiya po regulirovaniyu rynka, 2015, available at: http://www.cnca.gov.cn/rdzt/2017/ydyl/qwfb/201705/t20170531_54404.shtml.

7. Kitai i arabskie strany sovmestno stroyat “Shelkovyi put’ onlain” [China and Arab Countries are Jointly Building the “Silk Road Online”] // Agentstvo novostei Sin’khua, 2017, available at: https://www.sohu.com/a/190280445_161795.

8. Si Tszin’pin prinyal uchastie v tseremonii otkrytiya Foruma mezhdunarodnogo sotrudnichestva “Odin poyas, odin put’” i vystupil s programmnoi rech’yu [Xi Jinping Attended the Opening Ceremony of the One Belt, One Road International Cooperation Forum and Delivered a Keynote Address]. Kommunisticheskaya partiinaya set’, 2017, available at: https://news.12371.cn/2017/05/14/VIDE1494762601202508.shtml.

9. Perspektivy i vyzovy Tsifrovogo shelkovogo puti [Perspectives and Challenges of the Digital Silk Road]. Sait “Odin poyas i odin put’”, 2020, available at: https://m.thepaper.cn/baijiahao_9356702.