The breakthrough applied sectors of the new technological order of the PRC: sectoral integration as a factor of achieving technological sovereignty

DOI: 10.33917/mic-3.128.2026.12-17

The article continues the analysis of China’s technological sovereignty, moving from basic industries to applied sectors. Materially conditioned sectors are considered: smart agriculture, new energy, transport, satellite systems and medical equipment. Additionally, non-materially conditioned sectors are analyzed: educational technologies, blockchain and digital currency, entertainment technologies, social networks and messengers, security technologies, and virtual reality as an integration platform on the intersection of entertainment, education, and human sensory systems. The role of state planning and import substitution is shown.

References:

1. State Council of the PRC. Made in China 2025. URL: https://docs.yandex.ru/docs/view?tm=1780384199&tld=ru&lang=en&name=t0432_made_in_china_2025_EN.pdf

2. National Energy Administration of the PRC. Guiding Opinions on Promoting Integrated and Synergistic Development of New Energy, 2025.

3. China Sensor and Internet of Things Industry Alliance. Sensor Industry White Paper, 2025.

4. Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China (2025, December 4). Key technologies promoted for smart agriculture this year: Autonomous operation technology for field agricultural machinery, 2025.

5. Xinhua (2025, July 2). Across China: Unmanned farming paves way for China’s smart, sustainable agriculture future? 2025. URL: China.org.cn

6. Xinhua (2025, October 11). China builds world-leading meteorological observation system during 14th Five-Year Plan period. Global Times, 2025.

7. Xinhua (2025, January 3). China’s meteorological observation service utilizes its first small commercial weather satellites. People’s Daily Online, 2025.

8. International Energy Agency (IEA). 14th FYP Energy Technology Innovation — Policies, 2025. URL: https://www.energyconnects.com/opinion/features/2025/march/iea-new-energy-technologies-need-investments-to-scale-up-innovation/

9. Xinhua (2025, April 29). Economic Watch: Wheels to wings: Chinese automakers challenge frontiers of mobility. URL: China.org.cn

10. Global Times. (2025, April 9). China’s 50kg-class hydrogen-powered drone sets new domestic record with 30-hour continuous flight, 2025. URL: https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202504/1331772.shtml

11. People’s Daily. (2026, January 5). A look back at a transformative year in China’s auto industry, 2026. URL: https://en.people.cn/n3/2026/0105/c90000–20410243.html

12. CATL. Solid-state battery development roadmap, 2025. URL: https://battery-tech.net/

13. China Energy Storage Alliance (CNESA). (2025, December 15). Industry News, 2025. URL: https://en.cnesa.org/

14. SASAC. (2025, December 4). China Launches Largest Semi-Solid-State Lithium Battery Storage Project, 2025. URL: https://en.cnesa.org/latest-news/2025/12/1/

15. State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC). Report on grid-scale vanadium flow battery project, 2025. URL: http://en.sasac.gov.cn/