History shows that many new progressive ideas did not immediately receive recognition, which significantly slowed down the mankind’s progress. As an example, the author considers insufficiently substantiated within today’s requirements hypothesis of K.E. Tsiolkovsky: “Only about the existence of rational or at least some creatures outside the Earth absolutely nothing is known. But the voice of reason, the voice of genius is screaming his lungs, that not only the Universe is chock full of them, but that even a huge percentage of these creatures have reached perfection, so far incomprehensible for limited humanity still remaining in the infant phase of its being”, and possible directions of further research in this area are pointed out.

Chaotic development of modern society, where the number of new risk factors is constantly and rapidly growing, by many scientists is estimated and predicted as a way to disaster, self-destruction. The concepts of humanity, society or social medium don’t have any scientific fundamentals, so the development vector of these forms is not clear. Perception of humanity is qualitatively changing if it is regarded as the third nature after the inanimate — astrophysics and live — biological. Intellectual nature has evolutionary arisen from biological one due to successful competition of a man with other human animal bodies. Among other organisms a human being turned out to be the most versatile and multifunctional. The same universalism is the major competitive advantage also within the intellectual nature. The article predicts the consequences of introducing the concept and phenomenon of “intellectual nature” into scientific circulation. In this direction Russia could become the world leader and efficiently develop progress in social, technical and fundamental scientific knowledge.